Psihosocijalne posljedice nakon moždanog udara

master's thesis

• Title (english): Psychosocial consequences after stroke
• Author: Andreja Levačić
• Mentor: Renata Martinec (mentor)
• Committee member: Renata Martinec (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Damir Miholić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana-Marija Bohaček (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Education/Rehabilitation Sciences

Abstract

Moždani udar definiran je kao naglo nastali poremećaj funkcioniranja živčanog sustava uzrokovan poremećajem moždane cirkulacije koji traje dulje od 24 sata i pripada u skupinu cerebrovaskularnih bolesti. Moždani udar može biti ishemijski (začepljenje krvne žile) i hemoragijski (puknuće krvne žile). Moždani udar je veliki zdravstveni i socijalno-ekonomski problem te vodeći uzrok invalidnosti i drugi uzrok smrtnosti u Hrvatskoj. Najčešće posljedice nakon moždanog udara su motorička oštećenja, poremećaj koordinacije, držanja i balansa, kognitivna disfunkcija, oštećenje govora i komunikacije, osjetna oštećenja, inkontinencija mokraćnog mjehura i crijeva, neglekt sindrom, apraksija, spastičnost te bihevioralne, psihološke i emocionalne promjene. Osobe su nakon moždanog udara mogu biti suočene s akutnim faktorima stresa, obiteljskim problemima, teškoćama održavanja socijalnih odnosa i promjenama u socijalnim odnosima, spolnom disfunkcijom, depresijom, anksioznošću, apatijom, suicidalnim mislima i poremećajima spavanja. Dakle, moždani udar može utjecati na sve aspekte života pojedinca te značajno smanjuje kvalitetu života. Osim neuroloških i neuropsiholoških deficita, na ishode liječenja utječu i emocionalne reakcije te ih treba uzeti u obzir kod prognoziranja oporavka. Psihičke reakcije osoba nakon moždanog udara mogu biti zbunjujuće i dodatno otežavaju prilagodbu na novonastalu situaciju. Istraživanja pokazuju da prisutnost navedenih stanja može imati značajni negativni utjecaj na usvajanje aktivnosti svakodnevnog života, lošiji funkcionalni ishod, ozbiljnije kognitivne teškoće, povećanu stopu smrtnosti te je stoga važno prevenirati psihoemocionalne posljedice pravodobnim pružanjem psihosocijalne podrške. Na osnovi navedenog definiran je cilj ovog preglednog rada koji je usmjeren na razmatranje psihosocijalnih posljedica moždanog udara te također na pregled pristupa koncipiranih u cilju podržavanja psihosocijalnog statusa tijekom kompleksne terapije i rehabilitacije.

Abstract (english)

A stroke is defined as a sudden disorder of the functionality of the nervous system caused by a dysfunction in the brains blood circulation, which lasts longer than 24 hours and it is categorized as a cerebrovascular disease. A stroke can be ischemic (clogged blood vessels) and hemorrhagic (rupture of a blood vessel). A stroke is a big medical and social-economic problem, it is the leading cause of physical disabilities and the second most often cause of death in Croatia. The most spread after effects of a stroke are motoric dysfunctions, loss of coordination and keeping balance. Cognitive dysfunction, damage to the speaking abilities, reduced sense perceptions, incontinence of the bladder and intestines, neglect syndrome, apraxia, emotional changes to ones behaviour and others. People will often have problem with acute factors of stress, family issues, problems with keeping social bonds, sexual relations, depression, anxiety, apathy, suicidal thoughts and sleeping disorders all results of the aftermath of a stroke. To conclude, a stroke can affect all aspects of daily life. It greatly reduces the quality of a persons life. Except from the neurological deficits, the result of medical treatment is often prolonged depending on the emotional status of the patient, and there for is a crucial factor in determining the length of rehabilitation. Psychic reactions of people who had a stroke can often be confusing and additionally add difficulty to the newly created situation. Research has shown that the aforementioned affects can have a negative impact on the completion of daily activities, worse functional outcome, serious cognitive aftereffects, a higher mortality rate therefor it is of great importance to prevent psycho-emotional repercussions with precisely timed psychological and social support. The goal of this review paper is oriented towards the consideration of psychological and social repercussions of having a stroke, as well as the review of the approach conceived in the goal of supporting psychological and social life aspects, and the complex therapy and rehabilitation process.

• Keywords: moždani udar; neurološki deficit; psihoemocionalne posljedice
• Keywords (english): stroke; neurological deficit; psychoemotional consequences
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:769376
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Educational Rehabilitation; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije (magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to authenticated users
• Created on: 2022-10-31 08:06:25