Poznavanje diferencijalno-dijagnostičkih kriterija u dijagnostici artikulacijskih i fonoloških poremećaja

master's thesis

• Title (english): Knowledge of Differential Diagnostic Criteria in Diagnostics of Articulation and Speech
• Author: Franka Cegur
• Mentor: Draženka Blaži (mentor)
• Committee member: Draženka Blaži (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Emica Farago (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dora Knežević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Speech Therapy

Abstract

Poremećaji izgovora zauzimaju velik udio u praktičnom radu logopeda diljem svijeta, a tako i Hrvatske. Iako se tradicionalno o poremećajima izgovora kod djece raspravljalo u okviru artikulacijskih poremećaja, napretkom lingvistike sve više se počinje govoriti o fonološkim poremećajima. Definiranje fonološkog poremećaja otežano je zbog terminoloških preklapanja s artikulacijskim poremećajem, kao i zbog njihovog čestog komorbiditeta. Budući da je diferencijalna dijagnostika od iznimne važnosti da bi se zadovoljili najviši standardi kliničke prakse u pružanju usluga, a u Hrvatskoj nema mnogo radova na tu temu, provedeno je istraživanje na 75 hrvatskih logopeda putem on-line upitnika, kako bi se utvrdilo njihovo poznavanje diferencijalno-dijagnostičkih kriterija u dijagnostici artikulacijskih i fonoloških poremećaja. Osim poznavanja dijagnostičkih kriterija, ispitani su i načini provedbe procjene fonoloških poremećaja kako bi se dobio uvid iz prakse te utvrdili eventualni problemi s kojima se logopedi susreću. Uzorak je podijeljen u dvije grupe, ispitanici starije generacije koji su diplomirali prije 2011. i ispitanici mlađe generacije koji su diplomirali nakon 2011. godine (uključujući i 2011.). Ova godina uzeta je kao kriterij budući da su studenti generacije koja je diplomirala 2011. godine, prva generacija studenata koja je u sklopu studijskog obrazovanja na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskom fakultetu u Zagrebu odslušala predmet Fonološki poremećaji. Provedbom t-testa utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika među grupama, odnosno logopedi mlađe generacije bolje poznaju diferencijalno-dijagnostičke kriterije artikulacijskih i fonoloških poremećaja. Daljni rezultati ukazuju da na poznavanje diferencijalno-dijagnostiĉkih kriterija ne utječe iz kojeg su izvora ispitanici dobili informacije o fonološkim poremećajima kao niti koliko sluĉajeva fonoloških poremećaja godišnje imaju. Kvalitativnom analizom odgovora, utvrđeno je da hrvatski logopedi u procjenu fonoloških poremećaja u najvećoj mjeri uključuju procjenu oralno-motoričkih struktura i spontanog govora uzimajući u obzir slušni status te da se pri tom često koriste nestandardiziranim metodama procjene, a kao najčešći postupci navode se ponavljanje pseudoriječi, pravih riječi i logatoma. Fonološke procese bilježi 51% ispitanika, a kvalitativna analiza odgovora pokazala je nedostatke u sustavnosti imenovanja i prepoznavanja fonoloških procesa, iako hrvatski logopedi dobro prepoznaju glavna obilježja fonološkog poremećaja. Podaci ovog istraživanja ukazuju na potrebu za detaljnijim istraživanjem problema struke, kao i za kreiranjem smjernica za rad na nacionalnoj razini.

Abstract (english)

Speech sound disorders take a large part in a practical work of a speech-language pathologists around the world as well as in Croatia. Although speech sound disorders were traditionally discussed in the context of articulation disorders, with the advancements of lingvistics it is increasingly talked about them as phonological disorders. Defining phonological disorder is hardened because of the terminological overlapping with articulation disorder, as well as their frequent comorbidity. Since differential diagnosis is of utmost importance in order to meet the highest standard of clinical practice in service delivery, with not having many papers about the subject in Croatia, a research was conducted amongst 75 Croatian speech-language pathologists via an on-line questionnaire to determine their knowledge of differential-diagnostics criteria in diagnosis of articulation and phonological disorders. In addition to knowing the diagnostic criteria, the ways in which phonological disorders are assessed were examined in order to gain insights from practice and identify possible problems that speech-language pathologists encounter. The sample was divided in two groups, the older generation respondents who graduated before 2011, and the younger generation respondents who graduated after 2011 (2011 included). This year was taken as a criterion since students of the 2011 graduating generation were the first generation of students to take a Phonological Disorders course as part of their study at the Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences in Zagreb. Carrying out the research with the t-test revealed a statistically significant difference between the groups, that is, younger generations of speech-language pathologists are more familiar with the differential-diagnostic criteria of articulation and phonological disorders. Further results indicate that knowledge of the differential-diagnostic criteria is not affected by which source the respondents received information about phonological disorders or how many cases of phonological disorders they encounter per year. Qualitative analysis of the answers revealed that Croatian speech-language pathologists mostly include the assessment of oral motor skills and connected speech sample in the assessment of phonological disorders, taking into account the auditory status, often using non-standardized assessment methods, with the most frequent procedures being repeating nonsense syllables, nonwords and real words. Phonological processes are recorded by 51% of the respondents, and qualitative analysis of the responses revealed deficiencies in the systematic naming and recognition of phonological processes, although Croatian speech-language pathologists are well aware of the main features of phonological disorder. The data from this research indicate the need for a more detailed study of the problem of the profession, as well as the creation of guidelines for work at the national level.

• Keywords: diferencijalno-dijagnostički kriteriji; artikulacijski poremećaj; fonološki poremećaj; procjena
• Keywords (english): differential-diagnostics criterion; articulatory disorder; phonological disorder; assessment
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:203230
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Speech and Language Pathology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra logopedije (magistar/magistra logopedije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-10-22 11:24:47