Muzikoterapija i likovna terapija u rehabilitaciji osoba s demencijom

master's thesis

• Title (english): Music therapy and art therapy in rehabilitation of the people with dementia
• Author: Nada Krvavica
• Mentor: Damir Miholić (mentor)
• Committee member: Damir Miholić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Renata Martinec (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Renata Pinjatela (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-01-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Education/Rehabilitation Sciences

Abstract

Demencija je degenerativna bolest koja pogaĎa pribliţno 36 milijuna svjetske populacije. Kod osoba s demencijom dolazi do pogoršanja kognitivnih funkcija, poteškoća u komunikaciji, izraţavanju i prepoznavanju emocija te do agresije, razdraţljivosti i problema sa spavanjem. Navedeni kognitivni, psihosocijalni i bihevioralni simptomi imaju negativan utjecaj na funkcioniranje osobe s demencijom, ali i na članove obitelji i šire zajednice. U liječenju demencija mogu se koristiti farmakološke i nefarmakološke metode. Nefarmakološke metode koje imaju izrazito pozitivan utjecaj na funkcioniranje osobe s demencijom su muzikoterapija i likovna terapija.
Cilj ovog preglednog rada je prikazati osnove primjene muzikoterapije i likovne terapije u rehabilitaciji osoba s demencijom, odnosno, njihovu djelotvornost u području liječenja simptoma bolesti. U svrhu toga, proveden je pregled istraţivanja na temelju kojeg se uvidjelo kako muzikoterapija moţe imati pozitivan utjecaj na kognitivne i komunikacijske vještine, što je vidljivo kroz poboljšanu mogućnost imenovanja i prepoznavanja osoba nakon individualnih satova pjevanja, bolju verbalnu fluentnost te bolje pamćenje tekstova uz glazbu. Doprinos muzikoterapije na psihosocijalno i emocionalno stanje istaknut je kroz povećanu smirenost i zadovoljstvo, a utjecaj na bihevioralno stanje vidljiv je kroz smanjenje problema sa spavanjem, smanjeno agresivno ponašanje i besciljno lutanje. Osobe s demencijom imaju relativno očuvanu sposobnost imaginacije i kreativnosti pa tako primjena likovne terapije u rehabilitaciji osoba s demencijom utječe na razvoj kreativnosti, spontanosti, potiče i razvija komunikaciju te doprinosi osjećaju velikog zadovoljstva. TakoĎer, poboljšava kvalitetu ţivota oboljelih i njihovih skrbnika i utječe na smanjenje bihevioralnih teškoća. Od svih dobrobiti koje umjetnost pruţa, jedan od najvaţnijih je osjećaj povezanosti ili transcendencije, a ta povezanost je bitna za osobe s demencijom jer je korisnikov odnos s drugim osobama i vlastitim identitetom izloţen sve većem propadanju. S obzirom na navedene doprinose, muzikoterapija i likovna terapija predstavljaju prikladne komplementarne metode u okviru interdisciplinarnog sustava pruţanja podrške osobama s demencijom.

Abstract (english)

Dementia is a type of a degenerative disease that affects approximately 36 million of the world's population. People with dementia experience worsening of cognitive function, communication problems, problems with expression and emotions, aggression, irritability and problems with sleep. These cognitive, psychosocial and behavioral symptoms have a negative impact on the functioning of the person with dementia, but also on family members and the wider community. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods may be used in the treatment of dementia. Non-pharmacological methods that have a particularly positive effect on the functioning of a person with dementia are music therapy and art therapy. The aim of this review paper is to present the basics of the use of music therapy and art therapy in the rehabilitation of people with dementia. In other words, to further explore the effectiveness of this therapy in treating symptoms and consequences of this disease. For that purpose, the examination of the existing literature and research has been conducted. It was seen how music therapy can positive impact on cognitive and communication skills, which is evident through improved ability to name and identify individuals after individual singing lessons, better verbal fluency and better memorization of texts with music. The effects of music therapy to psychosocial and emotional state are evident through increased calmness and well-being. The effects on behavioral state is evident through reduced sleep problems, reduced aggressive behavior and aimless wandering. Furthermore, people with dementia have a relatively preserved capacity for imagination and creativity. So the use of art therapy in the rehabilitation of people with dementia can affects on the development of creativity, spontaneity, encourages and develops communication, and contributes to a sense of great satisfaction. It has also been confirmed that it can improve the quality of life of patients and their caregivers and have the effect of reducing behavioral problems. Of all the benefits that art provides, one of the most important is a sense of connectedness or transcendence. That connection is essential for people with dementia because the user's relationship with others and their own identity is exposed to decay. Given these contributions, music therapy and art therapy represent appropriate complementary methods within an interdisciplinary system to support people with dementia.

• Keywords: demencija; muzikoterapija; likovna terapija
• Keywords (english): dementia; music therapy; art therapy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:315159
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Educational Rehabilitation; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije (magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-01-28 14:17:11