Višerazinski pristup govornom diskursu osoba s afazijom

master's thesis

• Title: Višerazinski pristup govornom diskursu osoba s afazijom : povezanost rječničkog bogatstva i mjera makrostrukture
• Title (english): Multi-level approach to spoken discourse : the link between lexical richness and measures of macrostructure
• Author: Marija Jozipović
• Mentor: Gordana Hržica (mentor)
• Mentor: Tatjana Prizl-Jakovac (komentor)
• Committee member: Gordana Hržica (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jelena Kuvač Kraljević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tatjana Prizl-Jakovac (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Speech Therapy

Abstract

Afazija je složen stečeni jezični poremećaj nastao oštećenjem jezičnih centara u mozgu, najčešće nakon moždanog udara. Diskursna analiza pruža mogućnost jezične analize na različitim razinama proizvodnje i obrade. Analize diskursa osoba s afazijom posebno su zanimljive jer mogu poslužiti za razumijevanje onoga što se događa sa strukturom diskursa kada su dijelovi jezične obrade i proizvodnje narušeni. Unatoč velikom broju provedenih istraživanja, još nije poznato kakav je odnos mikrostrukturalne i makrostrukturalne razine diskursa općenito. Strukturalistički pristupi predviđaju neovisnost diskursnih razina, dok se u novije vrijeme javlja višerazinski pristup koji zagovara povezanost navedenih razina. Cilj je ovog rada opisati pripovjedni diskurs osoba s afazijom rabeći višerazinski pristup, a gledajući odnos mjera leksičke raznolikosti na mikrostrukturalnoj razini te kohezije i koherencije na makrostrukturalnoj razini pripovjednog diskursa. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo analizu transkripata 34 ispitanika: 17 osoba s afazijom i 17 osoba urednog jezičnog statusa (u dobi od 48 do 80 godina). Dio transkripata preuzet je iz Hrvatskog diskursnog korpusa govornika s afazijom, dio iz kontrolne skupine u nastanku i dio je prikupljen za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Analiza podataka napravljena je u programu CLAN, primjernom tablice za procjenu i bodovanje globalne koherencije te izdvajanjem kohezivnih sredstava iz priča. Statistička je obradu podataka učinjena u programu IBM SPSS Statistics – inačica 26 (Shapiro-Wilk test, t-test za nazavisne uzorke, Test zbroja rangova, Pearsonov koeficijent korelacije, deskriptivna statistika). Rezultati ovog istraživanja potvrđuju da osobe urednog razvoja prednjače u odnosu na ispitanike s afazijom u proizvodnji koherentnog diskursa, uspješnoj upotrebi kohezivnih sredstava i leksičkoj raznolikosti. Usprkos očekivanjima, povezanost leksičke raznolikosti s mjerama makrostrukture (kohezija, koherencija) u ovom istraživanju nije pronađena. Ipak, zbog čvrstih teorijskih implikacija višerazinskog pristupa te metodoloških ograničenja ovog istraživanja, potreban je oprez u poopćavanju iznesenih rezultata te provedba daljnjih istraživanja na ovu temu.

Abstract (english)

Aphasia is a complex acquired language impairment that results from damage to specific brain regions, affecting one or more aspects of language, typically caused by stroke. Discourse analysis allows linguistic analysis at different levels of language production and processing.
Analysis of discourse in aphasia is particularly valuable because it can help to understand what happens to the structure of discourse when language processing and production are disrupted.
Despite a large number of studies conducted, the nature of the relationship between two discourse levels (microstructure and macrostructure) is not yet fully known. Structuralist approaches stress the independence of discourse levels, while more contemporary multi-level approach predicts the connection between microstructure and macrostructure. The aim of this paper is to describe the narrative discourse of people with aphasia using a multi-level approach.
More precisely, it has focused on the relationship between measures of lexical diversity at the microstructural level and cohesion and coherence at the macrostructural level of narrative discourse. The study included the analysis of transcripts of 34 subjects (17 with aphasia and 17 language healthy adults in the control group) aged 48 to 80 years. Part of the transcripts was taken from Croatian discourse corpus of speakers with aphasia and their control group and part was collected for the purposes of this research. Data analysis was performed in the CLAN program, using a 4-point scale to measure global coherence and extracting cohesive ties from stories to measure cohesion. Statistical data processing was done in IBM SPSS Statistic – version 26 (Shapiro-Wilk test, t-test for independent samples, Mann-Whitney U test, Person correlation coefficient, descriptive statistics). The results of this research confirm that people with aphasia are less successful than healthy adults in the production of coherent discourse, use of cohesive ties and lexical diversity. Contrary to expectations, connection between lexical diversity and macrostructure measures (cohesion, coherence) was not found. However, due to strong theoretical implications of multi-level approach and methodological limitations of this research, caution is needed in generalizing the results and it is important to conduct more research on this topic.

• Keywords: diskurs; pripovijedanje; analiza diskursa; afazija; višerazinski pristup
• Keywords (english): discourse; storytelling; discourse analysis; multi-level approach
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:006036
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Speech and Language Pathology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra logopedije (magistar/magistra logopedije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-11-02 12:21:23