Vještine i neki alati komunikacije djece s višestrukim teškoćama

master's thesis

• Title (english): Skills and some tools of communication for children with multiple disabilities
• Author: Lara Jurišić
• Mentor: Sonja Alimović (mentor)
• Committee member: Sonja Alimović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tina Runjić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dominik Sikirić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Education/Rehabilitation Sciences

Abstract

Razvoj svakog pojedinca proces je koji započinje prije samoga rođenja te na njega utječe
mnoštvo faktora u okruženju, ali i unutar same osobe. Različita se razvojna područja razvijaju
različitom brzinom, ali je njihov razvoj međusobno povezan. Baš zbog te povezanosti teškoće
koje se mogu pojaviti u jednom razvojnom području mogu imati negativan utjecaj na razvoj
nekog drugog. Svaki je pojedinac različit i različitim tempom usvaja vještine. Ipak, ta su
odstupanja izraženija kad se radi o djeci s teškoćama u razvoju. Veliki utjecaj na razvoj djece
općenito, a posebice onih s kompleksnijim teškoćama ima obitelj. Obitelj je ta koja najviše
vremena provodi u komunikaciji s djetetom te najbolje poznaje njegove potrebe, želje i
mogućnosti. S obzirom na to da djeca s višestrukim teškoćama imaju specifične načine na
koje komuniciraju vrlo je važno formirati komunikacijski obrazac koji će odgovarati i njima,
ali i njihovim partnerima u komunikaciji. Kako bi bili uspješni komunikatori, svi ljudi moraju
usvajati, ali i uvježbavati brojne vještine komuniciranja. Neverbalna je komunikacija vrsta
komunikacije na koju se većinski oslanjaju djeca s višestrukim teškoćama. Za slanje poruka
ova populacija najčešće koristi cijelo tijelo te se pri tome većinski oslanja na partnere u
komunikaciji da te poruke interpretiraju. Ipak, komunikacija nekih pojedinaca više je
namjerna i usmjerena ka sugovorniku. Osim oslanjanja na vlastito tijelo, osobe s višestrukim
teškoćama u komunikaciji koriste i asistivnu tehnologiju. Na tržištu je trenutno dostupan vrlo
velik broj asistivnih uređaja koji mogu olakšati ovim osobama komuniciranje s okolinom.
Ipak, uz brojne prednosti koje korištenje tih uređaja nosi ovoj populaciji, postoje i brojni
nedostatci. Cilj ovog rada je pružiti uvid u načine komunikacije kojima se mogu služiti osobe
s višestrukim teškoćama, usporediti ih, iznijeti njihove prednosti, ali i nedostatke te dati
prijedloge u kojim situacijama bi pojedini načini komuniciranja mogli biti primjenjiviji.

Abstract (english)

Development of each individual is a process that begins before birth and is under the
influence of many environmental and personal factors. Different areas of development
develop in different time frames, but their development is connected. Because of that
connection disabilities that can occur in one area of development can have negative effects on
the development of some other area. Each individual is different and the speed in which they
develop skills is also different. Family has a big influence on every child’s development, and
especially children with multiple disabilities. Members of the family spend the most time
communicating with the children and they know their needs, wants and possibilities. Children
with multiple disabilities have specific ways of communicating and because of that reason it
is very important to form a communication pattern that is going to be useful to them but also
their partners in this process. In order to be successful in this process people need to learn,
but also practice communication skills. Children with multiple disabilities mainly use
nonverbal communication. They most often use their whole body to send a message and they
rely mostly on their communication partners to interpret those messages correctly. However,
some of them are more intentional while sending messages. People with multiple disabilities
also use assistive technology during communication. Currently, the number of assistive
technology devices that can make communication for this population easier is really big.
However, other than advantages that the use of these devices brings to these children, there
are some problems that can occur while using them. The goal of this paper is to give insight
into methods of communication that children with multiple disabilities use, compare them,
present their advantages and their flaws and give some suggestions about using certain
methods in certain situations.

• Keywords: komunikacija; višestruke teškoće; asistivna tehnologija
• Keywords (english): communication; multiple disabilities; assistive technology
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:712086
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Educational Rehabilitation; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije (magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-01-02 18:04:07