Uloga morfoloških ključeva u razumijevanju rečenica kod osoba s afazijom

master's thesis

• Title (english): The Role of Morphological Cues in Sentence Comprehension in Aphasia
• Author: Lucija Mlakar
• Mentor: Marijan Palmović (mentor)
• Committee member: Marijan Palmović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Melita Kovačević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Gordana Hržica (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-08, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Speech Therapy

Abstract

Afazija je stečeni poremećaj na razini jezika koji pogađa sve jezične sastavnice. Razumijevanje rečenica u kojima redoslijed riječi odudara od uobičajenog veoma je teško za osobe s afazijom (Dronkers, Wilkins, Van Valin, Redfern i Jaeger, 2004). Još je uvijek nejasno proizlaze li teškoće razumijevanja rečenica iz odstupanja u pojedinačnim procesima raščlambe i interpretacije rečenica ili osobe s afazijom imaju ograničenu sposobnost za izvođenje višestrukih operacija, ali sigurno je da njihovom istraživanju treba posvetiti više pažnje. Glavno pitanje kojim se bavi ovaj rad je do koje mjere morfološki ključevi mogu utjecati na izvedbu osoba s afazijom na zadacima razumijevanja rečenica. U istraživanju je ispitano 10 osoba s afazijom i 30 osoba urednog jezičnog statusa metodom praćenja pokreta očiju. Ispitanici su slušali rečenice koje su se razlikovale prema redoslijedu riječi (subjekt-predikat-objekt i objekt-predikat-subjekt) i prisustvu morfološkog ključa (glagolski nastavak za perfekt koji se sa subjektom slaže u rodu i broju). Rezultati su pokazali statistički značajne razlike u prosječnom broju fiksacija između osoba s afazijom i osoba urednog jezičnog statusa na svim tipovima rečenice što nam omogućuje bolje razumijevanje jezične obrade kod osoba s afazijom. Pokazalo se da nema statistički značajne razlike u obradi rečenica koje imaju prisutan morfološki ključ na glagolu iz čega se zaključuje da se sudionici ne oslanjaju na morfologiju u interpretaciji rečenica. Detaljnom analizom rezultata i opažanjem tijekom istraživanja primjećuje se da osobe s afazijom odgađaju odluku raščlambe na objekt i subjekt rečenice i kasnije gledaju u ciljanu fotografiju što pokazuje da osobe s afazijom nisu sposobne predviđati značenje rečenice prije njenog kraja i da im morfološki ključevi u rečenici u tome ne pomažu. Sveukupno, rezultati istraživanja pokazuju sporiju, ali i drugačiju jezičnu obradu osoba s afazijom u odnosu na osobe urednog jezičnog statusa. Ovaj rad predstavlja doprinos u razumijevanju afazije u jezicima s bogatom morfologijom, ali istodobno ukazuje na mnoga neriješena pitanja o tome što je osobama s afazijom potrebno za razumijevanje rečenica.

Abstract (english)

Aphasia is an acquired language disorder which affects all the components of the language. Comprehension of the sentences in which the word order varies from the usual is extremely difficult to people with aphasia (Dronkers, Wilkins, Van Valin, Redfern & Jaeger, 2004). It is still unclear whether the difficulties connected to sentence comprehension come from variations in separate processes of distribution and interpretation of the sentences or people with aphasia have limited ability to perform multiple operations. However, it is certain that this research needs more attention. Main question that this thesis deals with is to which degree can morphological keys affect the performance of people with aphasia in tasks of sentence comprehension. In the research there were 10 subjects with aphasia and 30 subjects with regular language status who were questioned using the method of eye tracking. The subjects listened to the sentences which differed in word order (subject-verb-object and object-verb-subject) and in the presence of the morphological key (verb extension for perfekt which is in agreement with the subject in its number and gender). The results showed statistically significant differences in the average number of the fixations between the subjects with aphasia and subjects with regular language status which gives us better understanding of the language processing in people with aphasia. The research showed that there is not statistically significant difference in language processing of the sentences where morphological key is present which leads to conclusion that the subjects do not rely on morphology when interpreting a sentence. A detailed result analysis and observation during the research show that people with aphasia delay the decision of the object and subject division in a sentence and later they look at the target photograph which shows that they are not able to anticipate the meaning of the sentence before its ending and that the morphological keys of a sentence do not help in doing so. In total, the results show slower, but also different language processing when comparing people with aphasia to people with regular language status. This thesis contributes understanding aphasia in languages with rich morphology, but at the same time it points out many unanswered questions about what people with aphasia need in order to understand sentence.

• Keywords: afazija; razumijevanje rečenica; praćenje pokreta očiju; morfologija
• Keywords (english): aphasia; sentence comprehension; eye tracking; morphology
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:243797
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Speech and Language Pathology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra logopedije (magistar/magistra logopedije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-10-31 12:24:17