Title Deinstitucionalizacija i organizirano stanovanje za osobe s intelektualnim teškoćama u Hrvatskoj Title (english) Deinstitutionalization and supported housing for people with intellectual disabilities in Croatia Author Hrvoje Hlad Mentor Daniela Bratković (mentor)Committee member Daniela Bratković (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Zrinjka Stančić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Jasmina Stošić (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2024-09-23, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract Povijesno, deinstitucionalizacija dobiva paradigmatski zaokret 50-ih godina 20. stoljeća kada uslijed kontinuirane stigmatizacije i diskriminacije dolazi do ideoloških promjena u društvu. Promjene u stavovima društva dovode do razvoja različitih modela pristupa prema osobama s intelektualnim teškoćama, pri čemu je važno naglasiti da se tek pojavom modela koji počivaju na ljudskim pravima i socijalnoj uključenosti, osobama s intelektualnim teškoćama počelo pristupati kao aktivnim i ravnopravnim članovima društva. Također, proces deinstitucionalizacije, kao i razvoj službi podrške u zajednici naglašava vraćanje autonomije, dostojanstva, izbora i kontrole nad vlastitim životom te ima značajan utjecaj na ostvarivanje prava i kvalitetu življenja osoba s intelektualnim teškoćama, kao i drugih osoba s invaliditetom. Tom procesu je značajno doprinijelo donošenje UN-ove Konvencije o pravima osoba s invaliditetom (2006), koju je Republika Hrvatska ratificirala 2007. godine. U radu se ističe nekoliko članaka Konvencije, od kojih je osobito važan članak 19. „Neovisno življenje i uključenost u zajednicu“ za koji je deinstitucionalizacija ključna pretpostavka. Vodeći se međunarodnom politikom, Republika Hrvatska donosi različite zakonodavne akte u svrhu pune participacije osoba s intelektualnim teškoćama u svim aspektima svakodnevnog života. Proces deinstitucionalizacije u nas je započeo projektima Udruge za promicanje inkluzije 1997. godine, u suradnji s Centrom za rehabilitaciju Zagreb, predstavnicima Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, nadležnim Ministarstvom i Open Society Mental Health Initiative. Formalni proces deinstitucionalizacije u Republici Hrvatskoj započeo je donošenjem Nacionalnog plana deinstitucionalizacije i transformacije ustanova socijalne skrbi 2012. godine. Godinu dana kasnije započinje projekt „Deinstitucionalizacija i transformacija Centra za rehabilitaciju Zagreb i Centra za rehabilitaciju Stančić“ (Not i sur., ur., 2022). Polazeći od navedenog, cilj ovog rada je na stručno – pregledan način opisati dosadašnji tijek procesa deinstitucionalizacije i razvoja usluga podrške u zajednici za odrasle osobe s intelektualnim teškoćama u Republici Hrvatskoj. U tom kontekstu prikazan je primjer dobre prakse s naglaskom na socijalnu uslugu organiziranog stanovanja, razvoj inovativnih usluga te unaprjeđenje kvalitete skrbi o mentalnom zdravlju osoba s intelektualnim teškoćama
u okviru Centra za rehabilitaciju Zagreb. Također, predstavljeni su rezultati istraživanja kvalitete usluge u organiziranom stanovanju, kao i izazovi koje je potrebno prevladati u svrhu poboljšanja kvalitete usluge te širenju inovativnih usluga u budućnosti.
Abstract (english) Historically, deinstitutionalization underwent a paradigm shift in the 1950s when an ideological change in society emerged due to previous continuous stigmatization and discrimination. These changes in social attitudes led to the development of different approaches towards individuals with intellectual disabilities. It is important to emphasize that it was only with the emergence of models based on human rights and social inclusion when people with intellectual disabilities began to be treated as active and equal members of society. Furthermore, the process of deinstitutionalization, together with the development of community-based support services, emphasizes the return of autonomy, dignity, choice and control over one's life, significantly impacting the realization of rights and the quality of life of individuals with intellectual disabilities as well as other people with disabilities. This process was significantly influenced by the adoption of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006), which was ratified by the Republic of Croatia in 2007. This thesis highlights several articles of the Convention, including particularly important Article 19, "Living independently and being included in the community," for which deinstitutionalization is a key prerequisite. Following international policies, the Republic of Croatia has adopted various legislative acts to ensure the full participation of individuals with intellectual disabilities in all aspects of everyday life. The process of deinstitutionalization in Croatia began with projects initiated by the Association for Promoting Inclusion in 1997, in collaboration with the Center for rehabilitation Zagreb, representatives from the Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences at the University of Zagreb, the relevant Ministry, and the Open Society Mental Health Initiative. The formal process of deinstitutionalization in the Republic of Croatia began with the adoption of the National Plan for Deinstitutionalization and Transformation of Social Welfare Institutions in 2012. A year later, the project "Deinstitutionalization and Transformation of the Center for rehabilitation Zagreb and the Center for rehabilitation Stančić" began (Not i sur., ur., 2022). Based on the above, the aim of this thesis is to provide a professional and comprehensive overview on the process of
deinstitutionalization and the development of community-based support services for adults with intellectual disabilities in Republic of Croatia. In this context, an example of good practice is presented with a focus on the social service of supported housing, the development of innovative services and the improvement of the quality of mental health care for individuals with intellectual disabilities within the Center for rehabilitation Zagreb. Additionally, the results of research on the quality of services in supported housing are presented, as well as the challenges that need to be overcome to improve service quality and expand innovative services in the future.
Keywords
deinstitucionalizacija
neovisno življenje
organizirano stanovanje
osobe s intelektualnim teškoćama.
Keywords (english)
deinstitutionalization
independent living
supported housing
people with intellectual disabilities
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:158:718916 Study programme Title: University graduate study of Educational Rehabilitation Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution Terms of use Created on 2024-10-23 09:44:35
