Virtualna stvarnost u rehabilitaciji motoričkih funkcija gornjih ekstremiteta

master's thesis

• Title (english): Virtual reality for rehabilitation of the upper limb motor functions
• Author: Marina Bubičić
• Mentor: Renata Pinjatela (mentor)
• Committee member: Renata Pinjatela (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Renata Martinec (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Damir Miholić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-24, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Education/Rehabilitation Sciences

Abstract

Virtualna stvarnost (VS) kao relativno nova tehnologija u području rehabilitacije pokazuje
velik potencijal za učinkovitu primjenu i pozitivne ishode. Ona omogućuje realistično
interaktivno iskustvo komunikacije i manipulacije virtualnom okolinom koje intenzivno
utječe na rehabilitaciju funkcionalnih motoričkih vještina. Motoričke sposobnosti mogu biti
narušene velikim brojem motoričkih poremećaja, a najčešći su: cerebrovaskularni
inzult/moždani udar i cerebralna paraliza (CP). Oni predstavljaju oštećenja središnjeg
živčanog sustava koja svojom učestalosti narušavaju kvalitetu života mnogih. Osim
motoričkih disfunkcija, posljedice ovih oštećenja najčešće uključuju i senzorne deficite,
poremećaj koncentracije,umor i zabrinutost, gubitak motivacije i emocionalne probleme.
Motoričke sposobnosti i funkcioniranje osoba s invaliditetom, bez obzira na sličnost u
dijagnozi ili pojavnom obliku invaliditeta, razlikuju se između pojedinaca. Stoga je važno
procijeniti sposobnosti i potrebe osobe te prema tome kreirati individualan program. Virtualna
stvarnost sadrži neke osnovne elemente potrebne za uspješnu terapiju, a to su: ponavljanje,
povratna informacija o izvedbi/ feedback i motivacija. U ovom radu pružen je prikaz
dosadašnjih spoznaja o utjecaju sustava virtualne stvarnosti na motoričko funkcioniranje
gornjih ekstremiteta uslijed spomenutih oštećenja. Također se govori o prednostima i
izazovima koje pruža VS te o dostupnosti i primjeni ove metode u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Ranije studije pokazale su vrlo slabe dokaze o utjecaju virtualne stvarnosti na motoričko
funkcioniranje gornjih ekstremiteta, ali su istaknule mogućnost ove metode da održi
konstantan interesi motivaciju sudionika. Studije provedene unutar zadnjih nekoliko godina
prikazuju učinkovitost virtualne stvarnosti i njen vidljiv utjecaj na rehabilitaciju funkcionalnih
motoričkih sposobnosti gornjih ekstremiteta, no nema dokaza o superiornosti učinaka
samostalne primjene ove metode naspram ostalih konvencionalnih metoda. Neki podaci
pokazuju najuspješnije ishode prilikom primjene ove metode istodobno s radnom ili
fizikalnom terapijom.

Abstract (english)

Virtual reality (VR) as a relatively new technology in the domain of rehabilitation shows a
great potential for affective implementation and positive outcomes. It provides realistic
interactive experience of communication and manipulation with virtual environment, which
has an intensive effect on rehabilitation of functional motor skills. Motor abilities can be
affected by a large number of motor disorders, but the most common ones are: stroke and
cerebral palsy. They are central nervous system disorders which, with their frequency, affect
quality of life of many people. Besides motor disfunctions, effects of these impairments often
include sensory deficits, concentracion problems, fatigue and anxiety, motivation loss and
emotional problems. Motor abilities and functioning of people with disabilities are very
different between individuals, even if their diagnose or form of disability are similar or the
same. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate person's abilities and needs, and according to
that, create individual program. Virtual reality has some of the basic elements needed for
successful therapy: repetition, feedback and motivation. This paper has provided an overview
of existing data on the subject of virtual reality rehabilitation of upper limb motor functions
following stroke and CP. There is also some information about the advantages and challenges
that virtual reality provides, and about the availability and implementation of this method in
the Republic of Croatia. Earlier studies have showed a very weak evidence about effects of
virtual reality on upper extremity motor functions, but they highlighted this
method'scapability to hold a constant interest and motivation of the participant. More recent
studies have been showing the effects of VR and it's evident impact on the rehabilitation of
functional upper extremity motor abilities, but there is still no evidence about the superiority
of VR, when applied alone, to conventional methods. Some data shows most successful
outcomes when VR is applied concurrent to occupational and physiotherapy.

• Keywords: virtualna stvarnost; rehabilitacija; motoričke sposobnosti; gornji ekstremiteti; CP; moždani udar
• Keywords (english): virtual reality; rehabilitation; motor abilities; upper extremity; CP; stroke
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:538212
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Educational Rehabilitation; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije (magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-10-31 09:18:59