Problemi vizualnog funkcioniranja kod djece s teškoćama u savladavanju odgojno-obrazovnih sadržaja

master's thesis

• Title (english): Visual Functioning in Children with Problems in Academic Achievement
• Author: Andrea Paulik
• Mentor: Sonja Alimović (mentor)
• Committee member: Sonja Alimović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ante Bilić-Prcić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dominik Sikirić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-09-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Education/Rehabilitation Sciences

Abstract

Razna su se strana istraživanja u posljednje vrijeme bavila vizualnim funkcioniranjem djece s teškoćama učenja. Brojni su rezultati pokazali povezanost ta dva područja i ustanovili učestalije javljanje problema u vizualnom funkcioniranju upravo kod te populacije. Problemi s vidom često ostaju neprepoznati ili krivo protumačeni kod ove djece jer su ponekad slični onima koji se javljaju kod disleksije i drugih teškoća učenja. Stoga je glavni cilj ovog istraživanja bio utvrditi javljaju li se određene teškoće u području vida te koliko su učestale unutar populacije djece s teškoćama u savladavanju odgojno-obrazovnih sadržaja. Uzorak se sastojao od petnaestero djece školske dobi (između 9 i 15 godina) koja su imala neki oblik teškoće u učenju - disleksiju, ADHD, disgrafiju... Teškoće u vizualnom funkcioniranju se u ovom kontekstu odnose na vidne funkcije (vidnu oštrinu, vidno polje, fiksaciju, akomodaciju, motilitet, položaj očiju). Funkcionalna procjena vida provodila se na tri lokacije u Zagrebu unutar šest termina te je ispitano ukupno deset vidnih funkcija. Rezultati su pokazali da se najveća prevalencija problema povezanih s vidom pojavila na varijabli Refraktivne greške. Problemi su se, iako manje statistički značajni, pokazali i u varijablama Akomodacija i Oštrina vida na blizu, No, iako neki od rezultata nisu statistički značajni, klinički su značajni jer problemi povezani s vidom u kombinaciji s teškoćama učenja djetetu dodatno otežavaju proces učenja. Upravo zato što je teže odrediti uzroke problema vezanih uz čitanje i pisanje kod djece s teškoćama učenja, potrebno je uključivanje stručnjaka za vid u ovo područje kako bi im se pružila sustavna podrška. Kako je uzorak unutar ovog istraživanja relativno malen, rezultati se ne mogu generalizirati na ukupnu populaciju djece s teškoćama u učenju, ali mogu potaknuti daljnja istraživanja na ovom području koja bi rezultirala kvalitetnijim pristupom djeci unutar njihovog obrazovanja te njihovom akademskom razvoju. Povećanjem broja djece u uzorku i dodavanjem kontrolne skupine može se doći do sveobuhvatnijih informacija o tome na što se stručnjaci u ovom području trebaju fokusirati.

Abstract (english)

There are numerous research papers lately that have been focusing on problems in visual functioning of children with learning difficulties. Problems in visual functioning refers to visual functions – visual acuity, visual field, fixation, accommodation, motility, eye position. The results showed a connection between these two areas and established that there is a greater frequency of problems related to vision in this population. Vision problems are often unrecognized or misinterpreted when it comes to children with learning difficulties because of the similarity of symptoms. Thus, the main goal of this research paper was to determine if these visual problems do occur, and if so, how frequently do they occur in the population of children with problems in academic achievement. The sample consisted of fifteen school-aged children (aged nine to fifteen) who had some form of learning difficulty – dyslexia, ADHD, dysgraphia... Functional vision assessment was conducted on three locations in Zagreb within six appointments. A total of ten visual functions were tested. Results showed that there is a great prevalence of vision related problems in the variable Refractive errors. Problems were also shown in Accommodation and Near Vision Acuity, although less statistically meaningful. However, even though some of the results were not shown as statistically meaningful, they are clinically important because vision related problems combined with learning difficulties slow down the learning process. Because it is difficult to determine the cause of their reading and writing problems, there is a need for involvement of vision experts in this area to provide them with a much-needed systematical support. Given that this is a relatively small sample size, the results cannot be generalized to the entirety of the population of children with learning difficulties, but they can incite to other research papers being made in the future. More research in this field could result in a better-quality approach to children during their education and their academic achievements. Increasing the sample size and adding control groups can lead to more comprehensive data about the areas of focus for experts in this field.

• Keywords: vidne funkcije; funkcionalni vid; teškoće učenja
• Keywords (english): visual functions; functional vision; learning difficulties
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:927574
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Educational Rehabilitation; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije (magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-11-08 07:36:39