Cerebralno oštećenje vida i poremećaj iz spektra autizma

master's thesis

• Title (english): Cerebral visual impairment and autism spectrum disorders
• Author: Danijela Gadža
• Mentor: Jasmina Stošić (mentor)
• Mentor: Sonja Alimović (komentor)
• Committee member: Jasmina Stošić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sonja Alimović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dominik Sikirić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Education/Rehabilitation Sciences

Abstract

Cerebralno oštećenje vida (CVI) je najčešći uzrok oštećenja vida u razvijenim zemljama. CVI je termin koji obuhvaća oštećenje vida koje nastaje uslijed oštećenja mozga i ubraja se u neurološke poremećaje vida. Budući da ovo stanje još uvijek nije dovoljno istraženo, prilikom dijagnostičkog postupka kod stručnjaka često dolazi do izjednačavanja ovog stanja sa stanjem poremećaja iz spektra autizma (PSA). PSA je neurorazvojno stanje definirano poteškoćama u socijalnoj komunikaciji i interakciji te ograničenim, ponavljajućim obrascima ponašanja, interesima ili aktivnostima.
Neka djeca s CVI pokazuju poteškoće u socijalnoj integraciji kao i poteškoće u prepoznavanju emocija te ograničenu sposobnost izdvajanja važnih znakova s lica. Zbog toga ne iznenađuje činjenica da jedno od ta dva stanja pri dijagnostici ostane neprepoznato.
CVI može dovesti do oštećenja kognitivnog, motoričkog i socijalnog razvoja, što dovodi djecu u opasnost od razvoja obilježja ponašanja koji nalikuju poremećaju iz spektra autizma. Slično, djeca koja razviju kognitivne i socijalne razvojne poremećaje, mogu očitovati niz vizualnih i perceptivnih deficita.
Takva dvojna perspektiva naglašava veliku potrebu za uspostavljanjem veze između oštećenja vida i neurorazvojnih poremećaja, za koje je važno što ranije prepoznavanje i djelovanje primjenom odgovarajućih socijalnih i obrazovnih strategija. Danas sve više stručnjaka naglašava i ukazuje da ciljano i sustavno testiranje za vizualna i perceptivna oštećenja kao i primjena dugoročnih i kvalitetnih metoda rada postaje imperativ za svu neurorizičnu djecu.
Rad donosi pregled stanja CVI i PSA, njihovih dijagnostičkih kriterija i upitnika te određenih metoda rada. Također, prikazuje glavne sličnosti i razlike između stanja i stavlja naglasak na potrebu stručnjaka za dodatnim angažmanom u procesu dijagnostike kao i u izravnom radu.

Abstract (english)

Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is the most common cause of visual impairment in developed countries. CVI is a term that encompasses visual impairment caused by brain damage and is considered a neurological visual impairment. Because this condition is still not sufficiently explored, experts often equate this condition with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during the diagnostic procedure. ASD is a neurodevelopmental condition defined by difficulties in social communication and interaction and limited, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
Some children with CVI show difficulties in social integration, as well as difficulties in recognizing emotions and a limited ability to separate important signs from the face. Therefore, it is not surprising that one of these two conditions remains unrecognized during diagnosis.
CVI can lead to impaired cognitive, motor, and social development, putting children at risk of developing behavioral traits resembling autism spectrum disorder. Similarly, children who develop cognitive and social developmental disorders may manifest a range of visual and perceptual deficits.
Such a dual perspective emphasizes the great need to establish a link between visual impairment and neurodevelopmental disorders, for which it is important to recognize and act as early as possible by applying appropriate social and educational strategies. Today, more and more experts emphasize and point out that targeted and systematic testing for visual and perceptual impairments as well as the application of long-term and quality methods of work is becoming imperative for all children at risk.
This paper provides an overview of the conditions of CVI and ASD, their diagnostic criteria and questionnaires, and certain work methods. It also shows the main similarities and differences between the conditions and emphasizes the need for additional engagement of experts in the diagnostic process as well as in direct work.

• Keywords: poremećaj iz spektra autizma; cerebralno oštećenje vida; vizualna podrška; diferencijalna dijagnostika
• Keywords (english): Autism Spectrum Disorders; Cerebral Visual Impairment; Visual support; Differential diagnosis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:726158
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Educational Rehabilitation; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije (magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-11-02 13:55:05