| Abstract | Rezultati ovog istraživanja proizlaze iz evaluacije projekta „Podrška službenicima zatvorskog sustava i probacije kroz superviziju“ Udruge za kreativni socijalni rad Zagreb kojeg je provela u razdoblju od studenog 2019. do svibnja 2021. godine u suradnji s Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskim fakultetom Sveučilišta u Zagrebu kao prvu superviziju provedenu u hrvatskom penalnom sustavu. Predviđeno trajanje bilo je 11 mjeseci, međutim, isto se odužilo te provelo s višemjesečnim pauzama obzirom na situaciju s pandemijom koronavirusa koja se javila u drugoj polovini provedbe projekta. Istraživanjem se nastojao dati detaljan uvid u specifičnosti teškoća i izazova stručnog penalnog osoblja u Hrvatskoj te procijeniti učinkovitost supervizijskog procesa, kao jednog od pristupa smanjenju profesionalnog stresa u penalnim institucijama.
Studijom je obuhvaćeno 78 službenika zatvorskog sustava i probacije iz različitih dijelova Hrvatske. Instrumenti korišteni za procjenu zadovoljstva poslom, organizacijskog stresa, sagorijevanja i autonomije na poslu su: Upitnik zadovoljstva poslom (Job Satisfaction Survey - Spector, 1985), Inventar sagorijevanja (Maslach Burnout Inventory – Maslach i Jackson, 1981) te Upitnik razine organizacijskog stresa (Organizational Police Stress Questionnaire – McCreary i Thompson, 2006) i Skala autonomije na poslu (Factual Autonomy Scale – Spector i Fox, 2003). Evaluacija je provedena online upitnikom poslanom od strane Uprave za zatvorski sustav i probaciju na adrese stručnjaka koji su sudjelovali u projektu.
Rezultati nakon provedbe projekta mogu se smatrati isključivo odgovorom na krizu nastalu pandemijom koronavirusa te brojne promjene nastale u životu i radu stručnjaka kao posljedica iste, ali ne i procjenom učinkovitosti projekta.
Naime, rezultati ukazuju kako su stručnjaci najviše nezadovoljni materijalnim aspektima posla (plaća, nagrade, mogućnost napredovanja, materijalni resursi za rad), a najzadovoljniji prirodom posla, suradništvom i odnosom s nadređenima. Pojavom pandemije koronavirusa, novi problemi nisu uočeni, međutim, oni već postojeći su postali izraženiji, a snage su ojačale (primjećuje se porast zadovoljstva suradništvom, odnosom s nadređenima i doživljajem smisla posla, a nezadovoljstva plaćom, nagradama i materijalnim resursima). Izazovi organizacijskog karaktera koji doprinose doživljaju stresa odnose se na previše „papirologije“ i posla za računalom, nedostatnu opremu i potrebne resurse, nedostatne stručne treninge te stalne promjene u politici i zakonodavstvu, a krizom izazvanom koronavirusom nisu uočene
promjene. Ispitivanjem sagorijevanja ističe se problem smanjenja osjećaja osobnog postignuća čija se učestalost znatno povećala nastalom krizom. Rezultati studije govore o autonomiji srednje visoke do vrlo visoke razine, a nastalom krizom nisu detektirane promjene.
Zaključuje se kako su se postojeći problemi u penalnim sustavima intezivirali, ali i snage i resursi ojačali. Supervizija je kao način profesionalog vođenja neophodna u radu osoblja u zatvorskom sustavu i probaciji jer doprinosi lakšem nošenju i suočavanju stručnjaka s profesionalnim izazovima, a samim time i unapređenju njihovog rada. |
| Abstract (english) | Results of this study are the evaluation of the project „Support to work and prison officers trough supervision“ created by Association for creative social work Zagreb. The project was implemented from November 2019 until May 2021 in cooperation with Faculty of Educational and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Zagreb like first supervision implemented in croatian prison system. Duration of the project should have been 11 months, but it lasted longer with several months breaks because of the coronavirus pandemic which appeared in the middle of the project implementation. The study lay out detailed insight into specifics of difficulties and challenges of professional penal staff in Croatia and assess the effectiveness of the supervision process, as one of the approaches of reducing organizational stress in penal institutions. Study includes 78 prison and probation officers from Croatia. Instruments applied for assess job satisfaction, organizational stress, burnout and autonomy are: Questionnaire of job satisfaction (Spector, 1985), Inventory of burnout (Maslach and Jackson, 1981) Questionnaire of level of organizational stress (McCreary and Thompson, 2006) and Scale of autonomy at work (Spector and Fox, 2003). Evaluation was conducted by online questionnaire which prison and probation administration sent to e-mail addresses of officers who participated in the project.
Results after the implementation of the project can be considered only as a response to crisis caused by coronavirus pandemic and numerous changes that occured in life and work of officers as a consequence of crisis, but not by assessing the effectiveness of the project.
Results indicate that officers are most dissatisfied with material aspects of work (salary, rewards, promotion possibility, material resources for work) and most satisfied with the nature of work, cooperation and relations with superiors. With the crisis caused by coronavirus pandemic, new problems were not noticed. However, the existing ones became more pronounced, and the forces strengthened (there is an increase in satisfaction with cooperation, relationships with superiors and the sense of work and dissatisfaction with salaries, rewards and material resources). Organizational challenges that contribute to the experience of organizational stress relate to too much "paperwork" and computer work, insufficient equipment and resources, insufficient professional training and constant changes in policy and legislation. But, no changes have been observed with the coronavirus crisis. Results of burnout highlights the problem of reducing feelings of personal accomplishment and the frequency of reduced personal accomplishment has increased significantly with the coronavirus crisis. The results of the study show autonomy of a medium to very high level and no changes in autonomy were detected with the coronavirus crisis. It is concluded that existing problems in penal systems have intensified, but also forces and resources have strengthened. Supervision is a method of professional guidance which is necessary for prison and probation staff because it contributes to improve their professional work. |
