| Abstract | Nasilje djece i mladih u krugu obitelji i nad roditeljima predstavlja rastući fenomen u društvu,
točnije istraživanja pokazuju da je unazad nekoliko godina nasilje nad roditeljima poraslo za
40% (Fernandez, 2017; prema Erostarbe, Martinez i Astondoa, 2018) te da je u prosjeku 20%
adolescenata nasilno prema roditeljima (CPV - Practical guide, 2019). Etiološki razlozi za porast
ovog ponašanja su: primjena permisivnog odgojnog stila, izloženost djeteta nasilju i traumatskim
iskustvima, raširenost nasilja u medijima, ponašanja specifična za adolescentsku dob (vršnjački
utjecaj, zlouporaba alkohola i droga) i sl. (CPV – Practical guide, 2019). U Hrvatskoj, Zloković
(2009) također upozorava na pojavnost velike tamne brojke prijava nasilja djece nad roditeljima.
Nasilje nad roditeljima zahtijeva senzibiliziranje javnosti, primjenu preventivnih intervencija te
odabir odgovarajućeg tretmanskog programa. Kako se radi o maloljetnim počiniteljima kaznenog
djela nasilja u obitelji, jedna od mogućih odgojnih mjera jest posebna obveza uključivanja u
individualni ili grupni psihosocijalni tretman. Grupni rad je metoda rada čiji je cilj pomoći
pojedincu da u sklopu grupnog iskustva, unaprijedi svoje psihosocijalno funkcioniranje da bi
djelotvornije riješio osobne i socijalne probleme te razvio vještine i znanja važne za bolje
razumijevanje sebe, drugih ljudi i zajednice u kojoj živi (Žižak i sur., 2011). Adolescentima je
bitan vršnjački kontekst i grupni feedback, stoga grupni program služi kao prigodan okvir za
razvoj pojedinca, ali i grupe u cjelini.
Temeljni cilj ovog rada je kreirati grupni program rada s mladima koji su (bili) nasilni u
obiteljskom kontekstu. Izrada programa rada temeljit će se na dva glavna principa: prikazu
postojećih programa grupnog rada te procjeni potreba i analizi stanja u Hrvatskoj - prateći
preporuke stručnjaka koji rade s maloljetnim počiniteljima nasilja u obitelji (informacije
prikupljene putem polustrukturiranog intervjua). Pri razradi, pratit će se prijedlog planiranja
grupnog programa autorice Ajduković (1997): utvrđivanje potreba, definiranje svrhe i ciljeva,
utvrđivanje organizacijskog okruženja, odabir pristupa rada, identificiranje potencijalnih članova,
inicijalni kontakt s članovima, sastavljanje grupe, motiviranje, priprema okoline i utvrđivanje
načina evaluacije.
Vrijednost izrade programa za maloljetne počinitelje obiteljskog nasilja očituje se u rastućem
broju nasilnih incidenata te nedostatku tretmanskih, specijaliziranih programa u hrvatskom
kontekstu. |
| Abstract (english) | Child to parent violence has become a concerning issue in the society, studies show that in the
past few years violence towards parents has increased by 40% (Fernandez, 2017; according to
Erostarbe, Martinez and Astondoa, 2018). On average 20% of adolescents are violent to their
parents (CPV - A practical guide, 2019). The etiological reasons for such behavior are:
permissive parenting style, child’s exposure to previous violence and trauma, exposure to media
violence and adolescent behaviors (peer pressure, alcohol and drug abuse) (CPV - A practical
guide, 2019).
In Croatia, Zloković (2009) reports and warns of a dramatic, large number of reports of
adolescent to parent violence. Violence against parents requires public awareness and reaction in
terms of the implementation of preventive interventions and the selection of an effective
treatment program. Considering that offenders of this form of domestic abuse are minors, one of
the possible criminal justice system sentences is an obligatory participation in an individual or
group psychosocial treatment program.
Group work refers to a method of work that includes working with several individuals, helping
them change or deal with a long-lasting problem they are encountering, guided by a therapist or
counselor. In a group setting, people learn to solve personal and group problems and develop
important skills and knowledge to function better and understand others and the community they
live in (Žižak et al., 2011). Adolescents are susceptible to peer pressure and they value feedback
from others, meaning a group treatment program serves as a suitable environment.
The aim of this paper is to create a group program for the young population that is (or has been)
violent in their family homes. The structure of the paper is based on two main principles: review
and presentation of existing group work programs and assessment and analysis of the situation in
Croatia (regarding child to parent violence). In order to get insight and to gather information,
semi structured interviews will be held with experts and professionals working with troubled
youth.
Development of the program will follow Adjuković’s group program planning method (1987):
identification of needs, definition of purpose and goals, organizational environment, work
approach, selection of potential participants, initial contact with the participants, group formation
and the evaluation of the program.
The value and importance of creating a program for children violent to parents is reflected in the
growing number of violent incidents and the absence of such specialized programs in Croatia. |
