Title Kriminološka i penološka obilježja počinitelja ubojstava s obzirom na spol
Title (english) Criminological and penological characteristics of homicide perpetrators based on their gender
Author Tamara Starčević
Mentor Ljiljana Mikšaj-Todorović (mentor)
Committee member Ljiljana Mikšaj-Todorović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Ksenija Butorac (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Dalibor Doležal (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Zagreb Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences Zagreb
Defense date and country 2022-09-21, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline SOCIAL SCIENCES Education/Rehabilitation Sciences
Abstract Ubojstva predstavljaju najteža kaznena djela jer se njima direktno ugrožavaju, odnosno oduzimaju ljudski životi. Neovisno o dijelu svijeta, svaka država odgovor na takav akt predviđa u svojim zakonodavstvima, odnosno kaznenopravnim sustavima. Inkriminacije za ova kaznena djela su među najstrožim u usporedbi s drugim kaznenim djelima. Ubojstvo je kazneno djelo koje nerijetko privlači pažnju znanstvenih istraživača, ali i medija. Svatko kroz svoj prikaz nastoji protumačiti i rasvijetliti ovaj fenomen te prikazati tko su ljudi koji ih čine. Nastavno na prethodno, znanstvena literatura pokušava utvrditi razlike između muških i ženskih počinitelja ovoga djela. Generalno, govoreći o ženskom kriminalitetu već je utvrđeno kako postoji manji znanstveni interes u odnosu na muški kriminalitet, a to je primjenjivo i kod ovih kaznenih djela.
Stoga, svrha ovog diplomskog rada jest sistematizacija svjetske recentne literature o kriminološkim i penološkim obilježjima počinitelja kaznenih djela ubojstava s obzirom na spol zbog implikacija koje proizlaze iz usporedbe, a važne su za kreiranje preventivnih i tretmanskih programa. Cilj je i usporediti svjetske podatke s rezultatima ranijih nacionalnih istraživanja kako bi se utvrdili trendovi, točnije, obrasci činjenja ubojstava u Hrvatskoj s obzirom na spol. Dostupna istraživanja pokazuju kako se ubojstva dominantno vežu uz muškarce jer su isti najčešće i počinitelji i žrtve. Sumirajući dobivene kriminološke rezultate, počinitelji i počiniteljice ubojstava pokazuju sličnosti po pitanju nepovoljnih psihosocijalnih čimbenika u djetinjstvu, konzumacije psihoaktivnih tvari (posebice alkohola) i mentalnog zdravlja (prisutnosti psihičkih poremećaja). S druge strane, razlike su uočene u sociodemografskim čimbenicima, odabiru žrtve, motivaciji za počinjenje, sredstvu počinjenja i ponašanju nakon počinjenja. S obzirom na penološka obilježja, također su utvrđene razlike s obzirom na spol u reakciji kaznenopravnog sustava, duljini izrečene presude, prilagodbama na zatvorske uvjete, tretmanskim potrebama i kršenju zatvorskih pravila (stegovnim postupcima). Pokazalo se kako oba spola u usporedbi s počiniteljima drugih kaznenih djela u značajno manjoj mjeri recidiviraju. Dobiveni rezultati uspoređeni su s dostupnim podacima iz hrvatskih istraživanja te uspoređena kriminološka, ali i penološka obilježja počinitelja oba spola pokazuju sličnosti sa recentnim svjetskim istraživanjima. U završnom dijelu, naglasak je na intervencijskim programima (preventivnim i tretmanskim) s ciljem pružanja informacija o djelotvornim mjerama za suzbijanje ovog fenomena, ali i s ciljem pomoći u resocijalizaciji počinitelja i počiniteljica ovih kaznenih djela.
Abstract (english) Homicides present the most complex crime because they directly endanger human life or cause it to end. Regardless of what part of the world is in question, every country predicts an answer to these acts in its legislation. The incriminations for these crimes are among the most severe compared to other crimes. Homicide is a crime that often attracts the attention of not only the scientific researchers, but also the media. Through their presentation, everyone tries to interpret and shed light on this phenomenon and show what type of people perpetrators are. In terms of female criminality, it has previously been established that there is less scientific interest compared to male criminality. That also applies to crimes regarding homicide.
Therefore, the purpose of this diploma thesis is to systematize the world's recent literature about the criminological and penological characteristics of the homicide perpetrators based on their gender, due to the implications arising from the comparasion which are important for creating preventive and tretment programs. The goal is to compare world data with the results of earlier national surveys to determine trends, more precisely, patterns of committing murders in Croatia concerning gender. Accessible studies show that murders are predominantly associated with men because they are usually both perpetrators and victims. Summarizing the obtained criminological results, male and female perpetrators of murder show similarities in terms of unfavorable psychosocial factors in childhood, consumption of psychoactive substances (especially alcohol), and mental health (presence of mental disorders). On the other hand, differences were observed in sociodemographic factors, victim selection, motivation for perpetrating, perpetrating instrument, and behavior after committing. Concerning penological characteristics, gender differences were also found in criminal justice system reaction, the length of the sentence, adaptations to prison conditions, treatment needs, and violation of prison rules (disciplinary procedures). It has been shown that both sexes, in comparison with perpetrators of other criminal acts, relapse to a significantly lesser extent. The criminological and penological characteristics of both sex offenders were compared with available data from Croatian research. The obtained results appear to be similar to a recent global study. In the final part, emphasis is placed on intervention programs (preventive and treatment) to provide information about efficacious measures to combat this phenomenon and to help the resocialization of male and female perpetrators of these crimes.
Keywords
ubojstva
spol
kriminološka obilježja
penološka obilježja
Keywords (english)
homicide
gender
criminological characteristics
penological characteristics
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:158:962782
Study programme Title: Graduate study of Social Pedagogy Study programme type: university Study level: graduate Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra socijalne pedagogije (magistar/magistra socijalne pedagogije)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Access restricted to authenticated users
Terms of use
Created on 2022-11-02 11:57:15