Metode podrške i načini pružanja terapije u pragmatički utemeljenim intervencijama

master's thesis

• Title (english): Ingredients, model of delivery and unit of allocation in pragmatic interventions
• Author: Antonia Brzoja
• Mentor: Jelena Kuvač Kraljević (mentor)
• Committee member: Jelena Kuvač Kraljević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Matić Škorić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marina Olujić Tomazin (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Speech Therapy

Abstract

Razvojni jezični poremećaj (RJP) predstavlja poremećaj kod kojeg su djetetove jezične sposobnosti značajno ispod očekivanih obzirom na kronološku i mentalnu dob, bez očitog uzroka postojećih teškoća. RJP može uzrokovati deficite u bilo kojoj od pet jezičnih sastavnica – fonologiji, morfologiji, sintaksi, semantici i pragmatici. Iako su terapije RJP-a često usmjerene na prve četiri sastavnice, odnosno fonološke, morfosintaktičke i rječničke deficite u jeziku, pragmatički se deficiti poput nedostatnih konverzacijskih i pripovjednih vještina često previđaju, a posljedično izostaje i terapija usmjerena na iste. Logopedska terapija utemeljena na pragmatici predstavlja skup elemenata i postupaka usmjerenih na izazivanje promjene u određenim pragmatičkim vještinama, a poznavanje njezinih strukturalnih elemenata nužno je za svakog logopeda-terapeuta. Među te elemente ubrajaju se i metode podrške, tj. specifični postupci kojima logoped izaziva promjene u ciljanim vještinama, i načini pružanja terapije, tj. odluka o tome hoće li terapija biti individualna ili grupna, odnosno izravna ili neizravna. Stoga je cilj ovog preglednog rada bio izvijestiti o najčešće korištenim metodama podrške i načinima pružanja terapije u pragmatički utemeljenim intervencijama kod djece s RJP-om. Radovi uključeni u ovaj pregledni rad preuzeti su iz dviju sustavnih preglednih studija nastalih u sklopu projekta COST Action IS1406 - Enhancing children's oral language skills across Europe and beyond - a collaboration focusing on interventions for children with difficulties learning their first language. Istraživanja logopedskih terapija usmjerenih na pragmatičke teškoće kod djece s RJP-om pokazuju kako je najčešće korištena metoda podrške u ovoj vrsti terapija poticanje, a najčešći način njegova korištenja jest princip zadavanja poticaja od najmanje do najveće razine pomoći. Od načina pružanja terapije obzirom na broj djece uključene u jednu terapiju nešto je češći grupni način provođenja terapije, s malim grupama kao najčešćim odabirom u odnosu na veličinu grupe. Terapije su najčešće provođene izravno, tj. provodio ih je logoped ili drugi specijalist u području komunikacijskih, jezičnih i govornih poremećaja.

Abstract (english)

Developmental language disorder (DLD) represents a disorder in which child's language abilities are significantly below expected regarding it's chronological and mental age, without known cause of the existing difficulties. DLD can cause deficits in any of the five language components – phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics. Although DLD interventions are frequently focused on the first four components, i.e. phonological, morphosyntactic and vocabulary deficits in language, pragmatic deficits like poor conversational and narrative skills are often overlooked, which consequently results in lack of intervention focused on them. Pragmatic-based speech-language therapy represents a set of elements and procedures directed towards making changes in certain pragmatic skills, and knowing its structural elements is essential for every speech-language therapist. Among those elements, there are ingredients, i.e. specific methods that speech-language therapist uses to induce changes in targeted skills; unit of allocation, i.e. deciding if therapy is going to be individual or group; and model of delivery, i.e. deciding if therapy is going to be direct or indirect. Hence, the goal of this paper is to inform about the most frequently used ingredients, unit of allocation and model of delivery in pragmatic-based interventions in children with DLD. Study reports included in this paper are taken from two systematic reviews created as a part of COST Action IS1406 - Enhancing children's oral language skills across Europe and beyond - a collaboration focusing on interventions for children with difficulties learning their first language. Studies of speech-language therapies focused on pragmatic difficulties of children with DLD show that the most frequently used ingredient in this kind of therapy is prompting, and the most frequent way of its delivery is a system of least-to-most prompting procedures. More frequent unit of allocation is group, with small groups being the most used way of group delivery. Therapy was most frequently applied directly, i.e., with speech-language therapist or other specialist in communication, language and speech disorders being agent of delivery.

• Keywords: razvojni jezični poremećaj; pragmatičke teškoće; pragmatički utemeljene intervencije; metode podrške; načini pružanja terapije
• Keywords (english): developmental language disorder; pragmatic difficulties; pragmatic interventions; ingredients; delivery service
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:150431
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Speech and Language Pathology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra logopedije (magistar/magistra logopedije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-11-04 07:42:58