Ispitivanje fonološkog pamćenja riječi u djece nižih razreda osnovne škole s obzirom na učestalost riječi i semantičku kategoriju

master's thesis

• Title (english): Phonological memory examination of children in primary education with regard to the frequency of words and semantic category
• Author: Dorotea Gorupić
• Mentor: Draženka Blaži (mentor)
• Committee member: Draženka Blaži (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasmina Ivšac Pavliša (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Leko Krhen (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Speech Therapy

Abstract

Fonološko pamćenje sastavnica je radnog pamćenja ključna za provedbu fonološkog rekodiranja i grafem-fonem pretvorbe. Dio je fonološke obrade, i kao takvo ima važnu ulogu u obradi pisanog i govornog jezika, čitanju, učenju novih riječi i razumijevanju. Poznato je kako djeca s bolje razvijenim fonološkim pamćenjem imaju bolje razvijene jezične vještine u odnosu na svoje vršnjake (Waring i sur., 2017). S obzirom na veliku ulogu fonološkog pamćenja u svakodnevnom funkcioniranju, važno je proučiti kako se ono mijenja s dobi. Postoji mnogo istraživanja koja ispituju opseg fonološkog pamćenja u djece na stranim jezicima, međutim, u hrvatskom jeziku podatci nisu normirani.
S obzirom na to, cilj istraživanja provedenog u sklopu ovog diplomskog rada bio je ispitati opseg fonološkog pamćenja djece urednog razvoja, pritom vodeći računa o učestalosti riječi i semantičke kategorije kojoj riječi pripadaju. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 74 djece, polaznici prvog, drugog i trećeg razreda osnovne škole, te su prema tom kriteriju podijeljeni u tri dobne skupine. U ispitivanju je korišten zadatak ponavljanja brojeva unatrag kojim se ispituje opseg radnog pamćenja, te 4 liste od po 10 riječi koje su varirane s obzirom na učestalost i semantičke kategorije (voće, odjeća). Postavljena su tri problemska pitanja koja se tiču toga kako učestalost riječi utječe na pamćenje, postoji li povezanost mjere radnog pamćenja i pamćenja visokoučestalih riječi, te postoje li razlike između tri dobne skupine uključene u istraživanje. Utvrđeno je kako djeca bolje pamte visokoučestale riječi u odnosu na niskoučestale. Korelacija provedena između opsega radnog pamćenja i pamćenja visokoučestalih riječi upućuje na djelomičnu visoku povezanost. Uočena je razlika između dobnih skupina, a najznačajniji je skok u opsegu fonološkog pamćenja djece koji su polaznici trećeg razreda.

Abstract (english)

Phonological memory is a component of working memory which is crucial for phonological recoding and decoding graphemes into phonemes. It is a part of phonological processing and as such has an important role in the processing of written and spoken language, as well as reading, learning new words and understanding. It is well known that children with better developed phonological memory have better developed language skills in comparison to their peers (Waring et al., 2017). Considering the great role of phonological memory in everyday functioning, it is important to investigate how it changes in relation to age. There is an abundance of research investigating the phonological memory span in children speaking foreign languages, but there are no set norms for Croatian language.
The main goal of this research was to examine the phonological memory span in typically developing children, considering the frequency of words and semantic categories that they belong to. 74 children were a part of this research. They were divided into three age groups, according to the grade of elementary school they were attending. Backwards number repetition task was used in the examination for working memory span, as well as 4 lists of 10 words which were varied regarding their frequency and semantic category (fruit, clothing items). Three problem questions occur: how word frequency influences memory span, is there a connection between working memory span and memory of high frequency words and are there differences between the three age groups. The results show that children can remember more high frequency than low frequency words. Correlation between working memory span and memory of high frequency words shows partial high correlation. Also, the difference between age groups was observed and the most significant one is the increase in memory span of children attending the third grade.

• Keywords: radno pamćenje; fonološko pamćenje; učestalost riječi; semantika; tipični razvoj
• Keywords (english): working memory; phonological memory; word frequency; semantics; typical development
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:575173
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Speech and Language Pathology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra logopedije (magistar/magistra logopedije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access; Embargo expiration date: 2024-03-15
• Created on: 2022-11-04 09:45:28