Preneseno značenje kod osoba s poremećajem iz spektra autizma

master's thesis

• Title (english): Figurative meaning in individuals with autism spectrum disorder
• Author: Dora Dorčić
• Mentor: Jasmina Ivšac Pavliša (mentor)
• Mentor: Gordana Hržica (komentor)
• Committee member: Jasmina Ivšac Pavliša (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Gordana Hržica (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Klara Popčević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-25, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Speech Therapy

Abstract

Poremećaj iz spektra autizma (PSA) neurorazvojni je poremećaj koji obilježavaju odstupanja u socijalnoj komunikaciji i socijalnim interakcijama, kao i prisutnost ograničenih, ponavljajućih ponašanja, interesa i aktivnosti. Unutar populacije osoba sa PSA-om prisutna je velika raznolikost u usvajanju jezika i govora. Osobe sa PSA-om najčešće imaju odstupanja u području pragmatike – jezične sastavnice koja, između ostalog, podrazumijeva razumijevanje i proizvodnju prenesenog značenja. Preneseno je značenje svako značenje koje nastaje prijenosom dijela značenja, pri čemu se značenje odnosi na ukupnost obavijesti koju neka jezična poruka prenosi. Kod djece urednog razvoja razumijevanje prenesenog značenja razvija se postupno od ranog djetinjstva sve do nakon adolescencije. U ovome radu prikazane su dosadašnje spoznaje o razumijevanju i proizvodnji prenesenog značenja kod djece i odraslih sa PSA-om, uključujući izraze kao što su metafora, idiom, sarkazam, ironija, humor, metonimija, poslovice, hiperbola, igra riječima, retoričko pitanje, indirektni zahtjevi i eufemizam. Pregled istraživanja upućuje na: 1) prisutnost teškoća u baratanju prenesenim značenjem kod osoba sa PSA-om kao i na 2) hemisferne razlike i izmijenjene neuralne puteve kod obrade prenesenog značenja u ovoj populaciji. Rezultati iz višestrukih pristupa pokazuju da su sintaktičke i semantičke sposobnosti, kao i teorija uma, dobri prediktori razumijevanja prenesenog značenja. Također, prikazane su informacije koje mogu poslužiti stručnjacima u radu s osobama sa PSA-om, a koje se tiču procjene prenesenog značenja i mogućnosti poticanja tih sposobnosti.

Abstract (english)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and social interaction, as well as restricted repetitive behaviours, interests and activities. There are large individual variations in language and speech acquisition within people with ASD. People with ASD most frequently have difficulties in pragmatics – a language component which, among other things, includes comprehension and production of figurative meaning. Figurative meaning is every meaning which develops by transferring a part of the meaning, in which the meaning refers to a totality of messages that a certain language expression may carry. In typically developing children, comprehension of figurative meaning develops gradually from early childhood until after adolescence. This review paper demonstrates current findings about comprehension and production of figurative meaning in children and adults with ASD, including expressions such as metaphor, idiom, sarcasm, irony, humour, metonymy, proverbs, hyperbole, pun, rhetorical question, indirect requests and euphemism. A review of the literature suggests: 1) presence of difficulties in handling figurative meaning in people with ASD, as well as 2) hemispheric differences and changed neural pathways during processing of figurative meaning in this population. Results from multiple studies show that syntactic and semantic abilities, as well as theory of mind, are good predictors of figurative meaning comprehension. In addition, information about assessment and intervention of figurative meaning is shown, which can be useful to professionals working with people with ASD.

• Keywords: poremećaj iz spektra autizma (PSA); teškoće u pragmatici; preneseno značenje; doslovno shvaćanje; logopedska podrška
• Keywords (english): autism spectrum disorder (ASD); difficulties in pragmatics; figurative meaning; literal understanding; speech and language therapy support
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:957039
• Study programme: Title: University graduate study of Speech and Language Pathology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar/magistra logopedije (sveučilišni magistar/magistra logopedije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-10-17 12:05:08