Problemi spavanja kod osoba s ADHD poremećajem

master's thesis

• Title (english): Sleep problems in individuals with ADHD
• Author: Patrizia Bićanić
• Mentor: Daniela Cvitković (mentor)
• Committee member: Daniela Cvitković (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Wagner Jakab (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Daniela Bratković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-06-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Education/Rehabilitation Sciences

Abstract

ADHD poremećaj (engl. Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) jedan je od relativno čestih neurorazvojnih poremećaja koji se mogu javiti u djetinjstvu. Prema petom izdanju Dijagnostičkog i statističkog priručnika za mentalne poremećaje (DSM-V) ADHD opisuje se smanjenjem razine pažnje, nedovoljnom organizacijom i/ili hiperaktivnosti/impulzivnosti koji znatno utječu na život pojedinca, a uz to, spomenute teškoće nisu prikladne dobi. Teškoće koje proizlaze iz ADHD poremećaja ne zaustavljaju se samo na spomenutima, već je važno uzeti u obzir njegov utjecaj na izvršne funkcije pojedinca, čiji je razvoj također odgođen. Samokontrola i samousmjeravanje su vještine koje proizlaze iz sustava izvršnih funkcija, a osim toga uključuje i radno pamćenje, unutarnji govor, samoregulaciju emocija i razinu pobuđenosti. Iako se poremećaj uobičajeno dijagnosticira kod djece, novija iskustva pokazuju da se simptomatologija nužno ne mijenja u prijelazu iz djetinjstva u odraslu dob. Nerijetko se uz dijagnozu ADHD poremećaja pojavljuju teškoće u učenju i psihički poremećaji, problemi u ponašanju te anksiozni poremećaji. Simptomi koji proizlaze iz ADHD poremećaja mogu uzrokovati značajne izazove, a istraživanja prikazuju kako su upravo problemi spavanja oni koji se često javljaju i utječu na već postojeće svakodnevne izazove s kojima se pojedinci suočavaju. Problemi spavanja predstavljaju iznimno važnu kliničku značajku psihopatologije i ponašanja pojedinaca s ADHD poremećajem kao i utjecaj na neurobihevioralne značajke koje utječu na učenje, pamćenje i regulaciju emocija. Iako je ADHD poremećaj, kao i njegov utjecaj poprilično istražen u različitim sferama, povezanost prirode problema spavanja kod osoba s ADHD poremećajem i njihovim učincima na svakodnevno funkcioniranje i dalje nije dovoljno jasno određena. Cilj ovog rada je pregledom literature prikazati dosadašnje spoznaje i zaključke o navedenim postavkama kako bi se bolje razumjela složena i dvosmjerna povezanost problema spavanja i ADHD poremećaja kod pojedinca uz osvrt na moguće prevencije i intervencije.

Abstract (english)

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of relatively frequent neurodevelopmental disorders that can occur in childhood. According to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders (DSM-5) ADHD is described by a decrease of attention level, insufficient organization and/or impulisivity that significantly affect an individual's life, in addition, mentioned difficulties are age-inappropriate. It is important to take into account its impact on individual's executive functions, whose development is also delayed. Self-control and self-direccted actions are skills that emerge from the executive function system that includes working memory, inner speech, emotional regulation and level of arousal. Although the disorder is commonly diagnosed in children, recent studies show that symptoms do not necessarily change in adulthood. Individuals with ADHD can suffer from comorbid disorders, such as learning difficulties and psychiatric disorders, behavioral problems and anxiety disorders. Symptoms arising from ADHD can cause significant challenges. One of them, according to studies, are sleep problems that often occur and affect on already existing challenges that individuals face. Sleep problems represent an extremly important clinical feature of science of psychopatology and behavior of individuals with ADHD as well as the impact on neurobihevioral features that include memory, learning and emotion regulation. Although ADHD, as well as its impact has been extensively researched, the connection between the nature of sleep problems in people with ADHD and their effects on daily functioning are still not sufficiently clearly defined. The aim of this paper is to present current knowledge and conclusions about the reviewed literature in order to understand complex and bidirectional connection between sleep problems and ADHD in individuals with implications to possible prevention and intervention strategies.

• Keywords: ADHD; problemi spavanja; neurobihevioralne značajke
• Keywords (english): ADHD; sleep problems; neurodevelopmental features
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:448516
• Study programme: Title: University graduate study of Educational Rehabilitation; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije (sveučilišni magistar/magistra edukacijske rehabilitacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Embargoed access; Embargo expiration date: 2024-12-28
• Created on: 2024-07-15 10:26:22