Obilježja makrostrukture i mikrostrukture osobnih priča osoba s afazijom

master's thesis

• Title (english): The macrostructure and microstructure features of personal narratives in people with Aphasia
• Author: Nika Dorčić
• Mentor: Jelena Kuvač Kraljević (mentor)
• Mentor: Tatjana Prizl-Jakovac (komentor)
• Committee member: Jelena Kuvač Kraljević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tatjana Prizl-Jakovac (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Matić Škorić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-03, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Speech Therapy

Abstract

Sve se veći broj ljudi u današnje vrijeme suočava s moždanim udarom. Kako se postotak osoba koje su preživjele moždani udar također povećava, sve je veći i broj ljudi kod kojih se posljedično javlja afazija. S ciljem prevladavanja nedostataka u postojećim teorijama usmjerenih na pružanje smjernica za procjenu pripovjednih sposobnosti kao i njihovo kasnije poticanje u sklopu tretmana kod osoba s afazijom, Dipper i sur. (2021) razvili su jedinstveni teorijski okvir - Lingvističku podlogu pripovijedanja kod afazije (LUNA). Iako se prema tom okviru procjena pripovjednih sposobnosti može odvijati na četiri razine, ovaj je rad usmjeren na samo neke mjere s razine makrostruktrure i mikrostrukture. Tako je cilj ovog rada bio ispitati strukturalna obilježja, obilježja koherencije te jezična obilježja u osobnim pričama osoba s afazijom. U ispitivanju je sudjelovalo 11 osoba s afazijom te 12 osoba urednog jezičnog statusa. Sudionici istraživanja ispitani su Global TALES protokolom (Westervald i sur., 2022) koji se prethodno prilagodio za odraslu populaciju. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da se na makrostrukturalnoj razini osobe s afazijom statistički značajno razlikuju od osoba urednog jezičnog statusa u navođenju rješenja u osobnim pričama te u proizvodnji pogrešaka globalne koherencije. Tako osobe s afazijom rjeđe navode rješenja u pričama te općenito proizvode više pogrešaka globalne koherencije, a gledajući vrste pogrešaka proizvode samo statistički značajno više jednostavnih dopuna. Što se tiče mikrostrukturalne razine, osobe s afazijom proizvode priče koje su značajno kraće te sa značajno više semantičkih i fonoloških pogrešaka u odnosu na osobe urednog jezičnog statusa. Takvi rezultati pokazuju da osobe s afazijom osim očitih teškoća na jezičnoj razini, mogu pokazati i narušeno održavanje strukture priče te globalne koherencije kao elemenata makrostrukturalne razine što posljedično može doprinijeti teškoćama u njihovoj ukupnoj komunikacijskoj kompetenciji.

Abstract (english)

Nowadays, an increasing number of people are facing a stroke. As the percentage of stroke survivors also increases, so does the number of people who develop aphasia as a result. With the aim of overcoming the shortcomings of existing theories aimed at providing guidelines for the assessment of narrative abilities as well as their subsequent stimulation as part of the treatment of people with aphasia, Dipper et al. (2021) developed a unique theoretical framework - Linguistic Underpinnings of Narrative in Aphasia (LUNA). Although according to this framework the assessment of narrative abilities can take place at four levels, this paper is focused only on some measures at the macro-structural and micro-structural level. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to investigate the structural features, coherence features and linguistic features in the personal narratives of people with aphasia. Eleven people with aphasia and twelve people with normal language status participated in the study. Participants were assessed using the Global TALES protocol (Westervald et al., 2022), which had previously been adapted for the adult population. The results of the study showed that at the macrostructural level, people with aphasia differ statistically significant from people with normal language status when it comes to stating solutions in personal narratives and producing errors of global coherence. Thus, people with aphasia are less likely to state solutions in stories and generally produce more errors of global coherence. Looking at the types of errors, they only produce statistically significant more filler utterances. Regarding the microstructural level, the stories of people with aphasia are significantly shorter and contain significantly more semantic and phonological errors than those of people with normal language status. These results show that, in addition to obvious difficulties at the linguistic level, people with aphasia may also show impaired maintenance of the story structure and global coherence as elements of the macrostructural level, which can consequently contribute to difficulties in their overall communication competence.

• Keywords: afazija; pripovjedne sposobnosti; LUNA okvir; osobne priče
• Keywords (english): aphasia; narrative abilities; LUNA framework; personal stories
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:233670
• Study programme: Title: University graduate study of Speech and Language Pathology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar/magistra logopedije (sveučilišni magistar/magistra logopedije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-07-16 07:37:31