Poremećaj iz spektra autizma kod djece školske dobi

master's thesis

• Title: Poremećaj iz spektra autizma kod djece školske dobi : iskustva logopeda
• Title (english): Autism Spectrum Disorder in school-age Children : experiences of Speech-Language Pathologists
• Author: Sara Hinić
• Mentor: Jasmina Ivšac Pavliša (mentor)
• Committee member: Jasmina Ivšac Pavliša (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Bonetti (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Klara Popčević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-19, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Speech Therapy

Abstract

Poremećaj iz spektra autizma (PSA) je složeno, cjeloživotno neurorazvojno stanje karakterizirano teškoćama u području socijalne komunikacije te suženim interesima i stereotipnim, ponavljajućim ponašanjima (American Psychiatric Association, 2023). Iako intervencije u ranoj dobi povećavaju razinu funkcionalnosti djece, podrška je potrebna i tijekom osnovnoškolskog obrazovanja. Hrvatska je potpisnica konvencija i dokumenata prema kojima je dužna osigurati inkluzivno obrazovanje učenicima u potrebi. Veliku ulogu u osiguravanju prikladnih prilagodbi i nadziranju njihove provedbe imaju i stručni suradnici-logopedi. Iako se sve više literature usmjerava na specifični psihološko-komunikacijsko-obrazovni profil djece s PSA-om, u Hrvatskoj nema mnogo istraživanja o iskustvima stručnih suradnika-logopeda u radu s djecom s PSA-om unutar škole. Cilj ovog istraživanja je dobiti uvid u: 1) uloge koje obavlja logoped u školi vezano uz djecu s poremećajem iz spektra autizma te oblike podrške koje logoped pruža, 2) područja u kojima se logopedi osjećaju najviše samopouzdano, 3) suradnju logopeda s drugim stručnim suradnicima i učiteljima te 4) prilagodbe koje škole osiguravaju djeci s PSA-om. Provedeni su polustrukturirani intervjui s 10 stručnih suradnika-logopeda zaposlenih u školama. Sudionici su odgovarali na pitanja iz upitnika sastavljenog za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Intervjui su ručno transkribirani te se pristupilo obradi podataka koristeći model analize tematskih cjelina Clarke i Braun (2006) u programu za kvalitativnu analizu MAXQDA 2024 (VERBI Software, 2021). Analizom tematskih cjelina stvorene su sljedeće teme: „Logoped kao stručni suradnik škole“, „Inkluzivno obrazovanje“, „Iskustva u suradnji“ te „Izazovi u radu“. Kroz istaknute teme logopedi su izvijestili o svojim zaduženjima u školi u kontekstu PSA, oblicima podrške koju pružaju te izazovima s kojima se susreću vezanima uz suradnju s učiteljima/nastavnicima, drugim stručnjacima i roditeljima, ustroj školskog sustava i specifičnost funkcioniranja djece s PSA-om. S obzirom na porast broja učenika s PSA-om u redovnim razredima logopedi naglašavaju sve veću važnost kvalitetne suradnje za ostvarivanje poticajne i tolerantne obrazovne okoline.

Abstract (english)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex, lifelong neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties in social communication, restricted interests and repetitive behaviours (American Psychiatric Association, 2023). Although interventions at an early age increase the level of functionality of children, support is also needed throughout primary education. Croatia is a signatory to conventions and documents by which it is obliged to provide inclusive education to students in need. Speech therapists also play a major role in ensuring appropriate adjustments and supervising their implementation. Although more and more literature focuses on the specific psychological-communication-educational profile of children with ASD, there’s a lack of research in Croatia on the experiences of school-based speech and language pathologists (SLPs) in working with children with ASD in schools. The goal of this research is to gain insight into: 1) the roles of SLPs in schools in relation to children with ASD and the forms of the provided support, 2) the areas in which SLPs feel most confident, 3) the collaboration of speech therapists with other professional colleagues and teachers and 4) adaptations that schools provide to children with ASD. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 SLPs employed in schools. The participants answered questions from the questionnaire compiled for the purposes of this research. Interviews were manually transcribed, and data analysis was conducted using the Clarke and Braun (2006) thematic analysis model. The qualitative analysis program MAXQDA 2024 (VERBI Software, 2021) was used. The following topics emerged following the analysis: "Speech therapist as a professional associate of the school", "Inclusive education", "Experiences in cooperation" and "Work challenges". Through the highlighted topics, SLPs reported on their responsibilities working with ASD in schools, the forms of support they provide, challenges they face while collaborating with teachers, other experts and parents, and the challenges regarding the school system and specific characteristics of children with ASD. In view of the increase in the number of students with ASD in regular classrooms, SLPs emphasize the increasing importance of good-quality collaboration to achieve a stimulating and tolerant educational environment.

• Keywords: poremećaj iz spektra autizma; polustrukturirani intervju; logoped; kvalitativno istraživanje; osnovnoškolski sustav
• Keywords (english): autism spectrum disorder; interview; speech and language pathologist; qualitative study; primary school system
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:621326
• Study programme: Title: University graduate study of Speech and Language Pathology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar/magistra logopedije (sveučilišni magistar/magistra logopedije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-10-18 11:41:54