Povezanost prenatalnih, perinatalnih i postnatalnih čimbenika rizika i komunikacijskih, jezičnih i govornih teškoća

master's thesis

• Title (english): Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal risk factors associated with communication, speech and language impairments
• Author: Ivana Ćurković
• Mentor: Marijan Palmović (mentor)
• Committee member: Marijan Palmović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jelena Kuvač Kraljević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Matić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-24, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Speech Therapy

Abstract

Komunikacijske te govorno-jeziĉne teškoće posljedica su utjecaja brojnih faktora pri ĉemu je znaĉajan neurološki razvoj djeteta. Mnogi su prenatalni, perinatalni te postnatalni ĉimbenici rizika koji mogu negativno utjecati na neurološki razvoj djeteta, stoga se djeca s navedenim skupinama ĉimbenika smatraju riziĉnima za razvoj teškoća. Novija je tendencija znanstvenih radova ovog podruĉja formirati jedinstvene profile ĉimbenika rizika za pojedini poremećaj putem identifikacije i izolacije specifiĉnih ĉimbenika rizika povezanih s odreĊenim komunikacijskim, jeziĉnim ili govornim poremećajem. Cilj je ovog rada doprinijeti, dosad neujednaĉenim, spoznajama o povezanosti razliĉitih prenatalnih, perinatalnih i postnatalnih ĉimbenika rizika sa specifiĉnim komunikacijskim, jeziĉnim i govornim poremećajima. Istraţivanje je provedeno na uzorku od dvadeset i troje djece s neurološkim ĉimbenicima rizika a podaci o logopedskim dijagnozama i individualnim ĉimbenicima rizika prikupljeni su uvidom u logopedske, neurološke i fizijatrijske nalaze.
Rezultati su pokazali kako 65.2% ispitanika ima teškoće u razvoju komunikacije, jezika ili govora dok 34.8% ima uredan jeziĉno-govorni status. Najviše zastupljene dijagnoze su one koje se odnose na govorne poremećaje (46.7%), slijede jeziĉni poremećaji s udjelom 33.3% a najrjeđi su komunikacijski poremećaji (20%). Rezultati takoĊer ukazuju na podjednak udio djevojĉica i djeĉaka u uzorku djece s teškoćama kao i podjednak udio prvoroĊene djece i djece koja imaju stariju braću ili sestre. Najĉešće zastupljeni ĉimbenici rizika su perinatalni koji su prisutni kod 60% ispitanika s teškoćama te se najĉešće radi o višestrukim perinatalnim ĉimbenicima. Za razliku od skupine ispitanika s logopedskim dijagnozama, u skupini ispitanika urednog govorno-jeziĉnog statusa pojavljuju se ĉešće maksimalno dva ĉimbenika rizika i to u vidu iskljuĉivo blagih krvarenja (I. i II. stupnja) i umjerenog prematuriteta. Rezultati ovog istraţivanja deskriptivni su i ograniĉeni zbog uviĊenih nedostataka u praksi koji se primarno odnose na veliki udio nedovoljno preciznih logopedskih dijagnoza što je znaĉajna implikacija potrebnih promjena u procesu procjene i dijagnostike.

Abstract (english)

Communication and speech and language impairments are caused by the interaction of many factors among which child’s neurological development is also crucial. Many prenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors can have a negative impact on the child’s neurological development, which is why children with such risk factors are considered to have an increased risk for developing various impairments. There is a newer tendency of science in this area to identify the unique risk profiles for speech versus language impairments by determining the specific combinations of factors that lead to the greatest risk for communication, speech and/or language impairments. The goal of this study is to contribute to the, so far inconsistent, knowledge about the association of various prenatal, perinatal and postnatal risk factors with specific communication, speech or language impairments. The sample in this research consisted of twenty three children with neurological risk factors whose information about speech and language impairments and individual risk factors were collected from medical as well as speech and language pathologists records.
Results showed that 65.2% of children with neurological risk factors have developed communication, speech or language impairments while 34.8% have typical speech and language development. Most common are speech impairments (46.7%), followed by language impairments (33.3%) and lastly communication impairments (20%). Results also indicate an equal amount of boys and girls in the sample of children with impairments as well as an equal amount of first-born children and those with older siblings. Furthermore, most common neurological risk factors are perinatal, found in 60% of the children with communication, speech or language impairments who mostly have multiple perinatal risk factors. Unlike the sample of children with impairments, children with typical speech and language development more commonly have maximum of two risk factors which include only mild bleeding (first or second degree) and moderate prematurity. The results of this research are limited and descriptive because of shortcomings seen in practice which regard to high proportion of imprecise SLP diagnosis, a finding that implicates the need for changes in the diagnostic process.

• Keywords: komunikacija; jezik; govor; neurološki ĉimbenici rizika
• Keywords (english): communication; speech; language; neurological risk factors
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:771828
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Speech and Language Pathology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra logopedije (magistar/magistra logopedije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-10-21 11:24:18