Grupe podrške u rehabilitaciji odraslih osoba sa stečenim oštećenjem sluha

master's thesis

• Title (english): Support groups for rehabilitation of adults with acquired hearing loss
• Author: Tea Anđelić
• Mentor: Luka Bonetti (mentor)
• Committee member: Luka Bonetti (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ljubica Pribanić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Iva Hrastinski (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Speech Therapy

Abstract

Stečeno oštećenje sluha najčešći je kronični problem osoba starije životne dobi. Njegove su posljedice značajne za kvalitetu života, budući da se negativnim utjecajem na komunikaciju protežu na socijalni, emocionalni, profesionalni i druge aspekte života pojedinca, potencijalno smanjujući funkcionalni status, pa čak i mentalno zdravlje. Navedene posljedice i učestalost stečenog oštećenja sluha tako predstavljaju i ekonomski, odnosno društveni problem. Dio se komunikacijskih posljedica stečenog oštećenja sluha može ublažiti dodjelom slušnog pomagala, no suočavanje sa situacijom gubitka sluha i potrebom promjene komunikacijskih i ostalih životnih navika kod većine novih korisnika slušnih pomagala zahtijeva stručno vodstvo. Nesklad između realne i idealne slike o sebi, odnosno između onoga kakva osoba jest i kakva bi željela biti, suočavanje s komunikacijskim teškoćama u društvenim odnosima, čije su posljedice često emocionalno negativne, suočavanje sa stigmom, mentalnim zamorom, svladavanje tehničkih aspekata korištenja slušnog pomagala te osobna aktivacija u smislu poduzimanja većine ili svih koraka za što ravnopravniju komunikaciju neki su od preduvjeta za socijalnu reaktivaciju i podizanje kvalitete života novih korisnika slušnih pomagala. Nažalost, stručna intervencija još uvijek često ostaje na razini tehničkih uputa za korištenje slušnog pomagala, dok rad na strategijama prilagodbe i nošenja sa svim potencijalnim posljedicama stečenog oštećenja sluha ostaje – zanemaren, iako je važan preduvjet optimalnih ishoda rehabilitacije. Jedan od načina kojim odrasle osobe sa stečenim oštećenjem sluha mogu ublažiti komunikacijske, psihosocijalne i druge posljedice na kvalitetu života jesu – grupe podrške. Ovaj se oblik rehabilitacije ostvaruje međusobnom potporom osoba s jednakim iskustvima kroz dijeljenje ideja i strategija nošenja sa psihosocijalnim učincima oštećenja sluha na funkcioniranje u svakodnevnom životu. S obzirom na sve jače zagovaranje grupa podrške u razvijenim zemljama kao sastavnice rehabilitacije za odrasle i starije osobe koje su novi korisnici slušnih pomagala, uputno je poznavati prednosti i moguće nedostatke ovakvog pristupa organizacije stručne pomoći. Cilj ovoga rada je dati sustavni i kritički pregled dosadašnjih spoznaja o oblicima, značajkama, primjeni i učincima grupnih rehabilitacijskih programa za odrasle i starije osobe sa stečenim oštećenjem sluha.

Abstract (english)

Acquired hearing loss is the most common chronic problem of the adulthood, and in the elderly. Its consequences are significant for the quality of life, since they have a negative impact on communication, which extends to the social, emotional, professional and other aspects of an individual's life, potentially reducing their functional status and even mental health. The aforementioned consequences and the frequency of the acquired hearing loss also represent an economic or social problem. Some of the communication consequences of acquired hearing loss can be mitigated by the allocation of hearing aids, but dealing with the situation of hearing loss and the need to change communication and other life habits requires from the most of the new hearing aid users to have expert guidance. The discrepancy between the real and the ideal self-image, coping with communication difficulties in social relations, whose consequences are often emotionally negative, coping with stigma, mental fatigue, mastering the technical aspects of hearing aid usage and personal activation in terms of taking most efficient steps to communicate as equitably as possible are some of the prerequisites for social reactivation and for improvement of the quality of life of new hearing aid users. Unfortunately, professional intervention still often remains at the level of technical guidance for the use of hearing aids, while working on adaptation and coping strategies for the aforementioned potential consequences of acquired hearing loss remains – neglected, in spite of the importance of such work for optimal rehabilitation outcomes. One way in which adults with acquired hearing loss can mitigate communication, psychosocial and other consequences is through support groups.
This form of rehabilitation is achieved through the mutual support of persons with equal psychosocial experience about hearing loss. The base of this support is sharing ideas for coping strategies with the overall effects of hearing loss on functioning in daily life. Given the growing advocacy in developed countries for this specific component of rehabilitation (as it presented itself as the vital component of the successful rehabilitation outcomes), it is advisable to be aware of the advantages and possible disadvantages of support groups as a form of professional assistance for new hearing aid users. The aim of this paper is to give a systematic and critical overview of the current knowledge about the forms, features, applications and effects of group rehabilitation programs for adults and the elderly with acquired hearing loss.

• Keywords: stečeno oštećenje sluha; odrasli; komunikacija; grupna rehabilitacija; strategije suočavanja
• Keywords (english): acquired hearing loss; adults; communication; group rehabilitation; coping strategies
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:714832
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Speech and Language Pathology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra logopedije (magistar/magistra logopedije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-10-21 12:41:06