Leksička i sintaktička analiza početnica

master's thesis

• Title (english): Lexical and syntactic analysis of abc book
• Author: Sanja Miličić
• Mentor: Jelena Kuvač Kraljević (mentor)
• Mentor: Mirjana Lenček (mentor)
• Committee member: Jelena Kuvač Kraljević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mirjana Lenček (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Gordana Hržica (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-09-02, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Speech Therapy

Abstract

Ovaj rad bavi se leksičkom i sintaktičkom analizom početnica hrvatskog jezika i njihovom usporedbom. Analizirane su tri početnice, na leksičkoj i sintaktičkoj razini, koje je odobrilo Ministarstvo znanosti, obrazovanja i sporta Republike Hrvatske. Na leksičkoj razini problematizira se o brojnosti i svrsi niskočestotnih riječi u udžbenicima za početno čitanje. Poznato je kako veliki broj nepoznatih riječi dovodi do otežanog razumijevanja teksta, a uz to ne doprinosi bogaćenju rječnika što je jedna od svrha početnica. Sintaktičkom analizom željelo se doći do podataka o raspodjeli sintaktičkih struktura unutar početnica. Ističe se kako određene vrste zavisno složenih rečenica djeca nisu sposobna obraditi do desete godine života te se promatra njihova zastupljenost. Uz to, analizira se i prosječna duljina rečenica zbog podataka prema kojima radno pamćenje utječe na čitanje, ali i činjenice da ono ima svoja ograničenja. Upute za izvršenje zadataka, objašnjenja nepoznatih riječi i komentari analizirani su zasebno, a tekstovi i pjesmice zasebno. Niskočestotne riječi definirane su kao one koje su se javile manje od dvanaest puta. Za izračunavanje čestotnosti riječi upotrijebio se program FREQ, a za računanje prosječne duljine rečenica upotrijebio se program MLU. Oba programa nalaze se unutar programskog paketa CLAN. Rezultati pokazuju kako je više od devedeset posto riječi u svim početnicama niskočestotno. Uz to, javljaju se riječi koje su rijetke i u tekstovima namijenjenim odraslim čitateljima. Sintaktička analiza pokazala je da su najzastupljenije jednostavne rečenice, ali i da postoje razlike u raspodjeli sintaktičkih struktura među početnicama. Prosječne duljine rečenica ne prelaze granice radnoga pamćenja.
leksička analiza, sintaktička analiza, početnice, niskočestotne riječi, sintaktičke strukture

Abstract (english)

This research aims to describe and compare lexic and syntax of three primers intended learning croatian language and approved by Ministry of science, education and sport in Croatia. Primers were analized on two level of analysis, lexical and syntactic level. The purpose and contribution of low frequency words in text-books for beginning reders has been discussed on lexical level of analysis. It is well-known that large number unknown words leads to lack of understanding the text along with the absence of the vocabulary growth which is considered as one of the purposes of primers. Sintax analysis was conducted to find out more about distribution of syntactic structures among primers. Many studys shows that childern are not capabale of understanding some subordinated clauses upon age of ten.That is why this researh is interested in their share among primers. Working memory span has influence on reading performace therefore mean lenght of utterance in words was calculated.
Instructions for tasks performance, explanations of unknown words and author's comments were analyzed separately from texts and poems. Low frequency words were determined as those words that appeared less than twelve times. Program FREQ was used to calculate frequency of words and program MLU was used for calculation of the average lenght of sentance. Both programs are included in software package CLAN.
Results of this research have shown that more than ninety percent of words in primers are low frequnced words. There were noted the appearances of words that are rare even in texts for adult readers. Syntactic analysis has shown that simple sentances are most common structures. Analysis aslo showed the different distribution of syntactic structures among primers. The average lenght of sentance does not exceeds the working memory span.

• Keywords: leksička analiza; sintaktička analiza; početnice; niskočestotne riječi; sintaktičke strukture
• Keywords (english): lexical analysis; syntactic analysis; primers; low-frequency words; syntactic structures
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:456552
• Study programme: Title: Speech and Language Pathology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra logopedije (magistar/magistra logopedije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-09-08 13:22:57