Usporedni prikaz metoda smanjenja štete u području ovisnosti o ilegalnim drogama u eruopskim zemljama

master's thesis

• Title (english): A Comparison of Methods of Harm Reduction In The Area of Drug Addiction in European Countries
• Author: Petra Tuškan
• Mentor: Dalibor Doležal (mentor)
• Committee member: Dalibor Doležal (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anita Jandrić Nišević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tihana Novak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Education/Rehabilitation Sciences

Abstract

Pristup smanjenja štete u području ovisnosti o ilegalnim drogama je danas prihvaćen u brojnim europskim zemljama. Učinkovit je pri smanjenju problema koji se javljaju kao posljedica konzumacije ilegalnih droga te omogućava ljudima pristup tretmanu ovisnosti o drogama. Prema podacima EMCDDA (2019), programi smanjenja štete se u Hrvatskoj provode od 1996., putem suradnje Ministarstva zdravstva, Hrvatskog Crvenog Križa te nevladinih organizacija. Usluge koje se pružaju su zamjena šprica i igala, anonimno i besplatno savjetovanje i testiranje te edukacija o sigurnijem korištenju droga. Uspoređujući europske prakse smanjenja štete s hrvatskom, vidljivo je kako se u europskim zemljama koristi veći broj metoda smanjenja štete. Tako se, prema EMCDDA (2019), u 2017., godini, uz klasične metode kao što su zamjena šprica i igala, provodilo informiranje i edukacija o sigurnijem intravenoznom korištenju droga i sigurnijim seksualnim odnosima, tretman infekcije virusom HIV-a i hepatitisa C, cijepljenje protiv hepatitisa B., preporuke najpogodnijeg oblika tretmana, sobe za sigurnu konzumaciju droga, terapija heroinom i testiranje droga (drug checking).
Glavni cilj ovog rada je predstaviti metode smanjenja štete u području ovisnosti o ilegalnim drogama koje se koriste u europskim zemljama, njihovu učinkovitost, kritički se osvrnuti na njih te zaključiti bi li se mogle koristiti u Hrvatskoj. Zemlje predmetom proučavanja za potrebe ovog rada su Nizozemska, Njemačka, Švicarska i Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo. Pomoću njihovih primjera se dovodi do zaključka o isplativosti primjene sličnih metoda u Hrvatskoj.

Abstract (english)

Harm reduction approach in the field of drug addiction and consumption is accepted in a lot of european countries. This approach is effective in reducing the problems that appear as a consequence of drug consumption and it makes treatment for drugs accessible to drug users.
EMCDDA (2019) reports that harm reduction methods have been used in Croatia since 1996, with a help from the Ministry of Health, Croatian Red Cross and non-governmental organisations. The methods used are needle syringe exchange, anonymous and free of charge drug testing and counseling and education about safer drug use. Comparing the methods used in the rest of the European countries, it is noticeable that more methods are being used there than in Croatia.
According to EMCDDA (2019), alongside older ones, methods such as informing about safer drug use and sexual activities, treatment of HIV and hepatitis infections, vaccination against hepatitis b, recommendation for other treatments, drug consumption rooms, heroin assisted treatment and drug checking are also used.
The aim of this paper is to show harm reduction methods in the field of drug addiction and consumption used in European countries, their efficiency, observe them from a critical point of view and conclude if they could be used in Croatia. Countries covered in this paper are Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland and United Kingdom. The examples in this countries will help to conclude if the use of harm reduction methods that are used there is justified in Croatia.

• Keywords: smanjenje štete; metode smanjenja štete; ovisnost
• Keywords (english): harm reduction; methods of harm reduction; addiction
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:289985
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Social Pedagogy; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra socijalne pedagogije (magistar/magistra socijalne pedagogije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-11-02 12:45:41