Usporedba pogrešaka na PPVT-III-HR-u kod djece s razvojnim jezičnim poremećajem i djece s fonološkim poremećajem

master's thesis

• Title (english): Comparison of errors on PPVT-III-HR between children with developmental language disorder and children with phonological disorder
• Author: Dora Kožulj
• Mentor: Draženka Blaži (mentor)
• Committee member: Draženka Blaži (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Blaženka Brozović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dora Knežević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Speech Therapy

Abstract

Razvojni jezični poremećaj (RJP) karakteriziraju jezične sposobnosti slabije od onih koje se
očekuju za kronološku dob ili u odnosu na neverbalne sposobnosti, a istovremeno nisu prisutne
druge razvojne teškoće, oštećenje mozga, intelektualna ili senzorička odstupanja (Leonard, 2014).
Jedna od jezičnih sastavnica koja može biti narušena je i fonologija, a ona može biti i jedina
narušena sastavnica. Tada se radi o fonološkom poremećaju (FP) koji se manifestira u vidu
multiplih pogrešaka izgovora iako osoba može motorički izvesti određeni glas, međutim nije
sigurna gdje treba ubotrijebiti taj glas (Blaži i Arapović, 2003).
Jedan od instrumenata koji se koristi u logopedskom dijagnostičkom postupku u Hrvatskoj je
Peabody slikovni test rječnika-III-hrvatsko izdanje (PPVT-III-HR; Dunn, Dunn i Kovačević i sur.,
2009) koji mjeri receptivni rječnik ispitanika. Zadatak ispitanika je odabrati crtež koji najbolje
prikazuje značenje ispitne riječi koju je ispitivač verbalno izrekao. Od ponuđene četiri ilustracije
jedna predstavlja točnu riječ, a ostale čine distraktori koji mogu biti semantički, fonološki, vizualni
ili nepovezani.
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je analizirati pogreške na PPVT-III-HR-u koje čine ove dvije skupine
ispitanika (ispitanici s dijagnosticiranim FP-om/ RJP-om). Uzorak ispitanika činilo je 15 ispitanika
iz svake skupine. Prikupljeni podaci statistički su obrađeni te se uspoređivao koeficijent korelacije
između pojedine vrste distraktora i ukupnog broja pogrešaka, odnosno broja analiziranih
pogrešaka. Iako se pretpostavilo da će djeca s FP-om imati najveću korelaciju s fonološkim, a
djeca s RJP-om sa semantičkim ometačima, nisu dobivene statistički značajne pretpostavljene
korelacije. Moguće je da su ograničenja u fonološkom leksikonu kod skupine s FP-om rezultirala
time da ispitanik ne asocira ciljanu riječ s fonološkim distraktorima, a da ispitanici s RJP-om nisu
povezivali traženu riječ sa semantičkim ometačima zbog deficita u njihovom semantičkom
leksikonu. Pretpostavka da se ispitanici više oslanjaju na vizualne informacije nego na informacije
koje dobivaju obradom jezika pokazala se točnom kod svih skupina (FP, RJP, svi ispitanici) te je
dobivena statistički značajna povezanost broja grešaka i vizualnih ometača, a slična korelacija
dobivena je i s nepovezanim distraktorima. Predlaže se u budućim ispitivanjima uključiti i druge
materijale kako bi se dobili potpuniji podatci jer je PPVT-III-HR test receptivnog rječnika te zbog
toga nije elicitirao jednaki omjer svih vrsta ometača što je moglo utjecati na rezultate.

Abstract (english)

Developmental language disorder (DLD) is characterized by language abilities weaker than those expected for chronological age while there are no other developmental difficulties, brain damage, intellectual or sensory impairments (Leonard, 2014). One of the linguistic components that can be disturbed is phonology, but it can also be the only disturbed component. This is named a phonological disorder (PD) that manifests itself in the form of multiple pronunciation errors, although a person can motorically realize a certain sound, the placement of that sound in speech presents a difficulty (Blaži and Arapović, 2003).
One of the instruments used to diagnose these disorders in Croatia is the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III-Croatian Edition (PPVT-III-HR; Dunn, Dunn and Kovačević et al., 2009) which measures receptive vocabulary. The task of the examinee is to choose a drawing that best shows the meaning of the word that the examiner verbally presented. Of the four illustrations offered, one represents the correct word and the others are distractors that can be semantic, phonological, visual, or unrelated.
The aim of this study was to analyze the errors on PPVT-III-HR made by these two groups (subjects diagnosed with DLD/ PD). The sample consisted of 15 children from each group. The collected data were statistically analyzed, and correlation coefficients between each type of distractor and the total number of errors/the number of analyzed errors were compared. Although it was assumed that children with PD would have the highest correlation with phonological, and children with DLD with semantic disrupters, results show no statistically significant correlations. It is possible that limitations in the phonological lexicon in the PD group resulted in difficulty associating target word with phonological distractors, and that the subjects with DLD did not associate prompt with semantic distractors due to deficits in their semantic lexicon. The assumption that all participants rely more on visual information than on the information they receive through speech processing proved to be correct – in all groups (PD, DLD, all) there was a statistically significant correlation between the number of errors and visual distractors. Results show similar correlation with unrelated distractors. It will be beneficial to include other materials in future research to further verify these results because PPVT-III-HR is a receptive language test and therefore did not elicit an equal ratio of all types of disruptors which could have affected the results.

• Keywords: Peabody slikovni test rječnika-III-hrvatsko izdanje; distrakori; fonološki poremećaj; razvojni jezični poremećaj
• Keywords (english): Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III-Croatian Edition; distractors; Phonological disorder; Developmental language disorder
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:531006
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Speech and Language Pathology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra logopedije (magistar/magistra logopedije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-11-09 08:22:52