Učinkovitost suvremenih pristupa u tretmanu ovisnosti o psihoaktivnim drogama

master's thesis

• Title (english): Efficiency of modern approaches to drug addiction treatment
• Author: Edita Vindiš
• Mentor: Ksenija Butorac (mentor)
• Mentor: Tihana Novak (mentor)
• Committee member: Ksenija Butorac (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ljiljana Mikšaj-Todorović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tihana Novak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Education/Rehabilitation Sciences

Abstract

Ovisnost o psihoaktivnim tvarima ozbiljan je javnozdravstveni problem, protiv kojeg se bori politikama prevencije te različitim tretmanskim pristupima. Stope zlouporabe droga svake godine sve su veće, kao i broj novih vrsta sredstava ovisnosti. Proporcionalno tome raste i broj novih pristupa tretmanu ovisnosti. Etablirani tretmanski programi kontinuirano se prate, evaluiraju te na temelju empirijskih spoznaja dalje razvijaju. Istraživanja učinkovitosti uglavnom idu u prilog provođenju svih poznatijih tretmanskih pristupa. Pozitivne učinke poput smanjenja učestalosti uzimanja droga, ali i poboljšanja u općem psihofizičkom funkcioniranju, dosljedno pokazuju pristupi poput kognitivno-bihevioralne terapije, sustava nagrade i kazne, programa 12 koraka te programa koji se usmjeravaju na više dimenzija korisnikove okoline. Suvremeno doba donosi razvoj i manje konvencionalnih vrsta tretmana. Nove tehnologije i dostignuća u području informatičkih znanosti donose računalno potpomognute vrste terapije, koje razvojem mobilnih uređaja postaju sve dostupnije. Također, radi se i na uvođenju drugačijih tehnika u tretman ovisnosti, poput imunoterapije te prakse mindfulness-a. Preliminarne studije pokazuju kako novi pristupi, pod određenim uvjetima te za početak u ulozi sekundarnog tretmana, pokazuju potencijal. Problem koji fenomen ovisnosti predstavlja te dokazana učinkovitost dostupnih tretmana nalaže kako se i dalje treba ulagati u razvoj učinkovitih, na dokazima utemeljenih intervencija, kao i u njihovo praćenje.

Abstract (english)

Drug dependence is a serious public health problem, and the ways of dealing with it include prevention policies and various treatment approaches. Every year, substance abuse rates are increasing, as is the number of new types of drugs. Proportionally, the number of new tretment approches is also getting higher. Established treatment programs are being continually monitored, evaluated and developed, based on empirical evidence. Effectiveness trials usually promote their implementation. Positive effects, such as reduction of drug use and improvement of psychosocial functioning, are being constantly delivered by approaches using cognitive-behavioural therapy, contingency management, Twelve Step Facilitation Therapy and focusing on multiple dimensions of patient’s environment. Modern age also brings some less convenient approaches. With new technologies, programs such as Computer-delivered Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy are being developed. Moreover, some new techniques in addiction treatment are emerging, such as immunotherapy or mindfulness practice. Preliminary research shows their potential, under specific circumstances and for start, in a form of secondary treatment. Considering the knowledge of problematic nature drug dependence reflects, and proven effectiveness of established treatment approaches, it is visibly clear that further research and development of various interventions must be conducted.

• Keywords: psihoaktivne tvari; ovisnost; tretman; učinkovitost; novi pristupi u tretmanu zlouporabe droga
• Keywords (english): illicit drugs; addiction; treatment programs; effectiveness; new approaches to substance abuse
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:592071
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Social Pedagogy; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra socijalne pedagogije (magistar/magistra socijalne pedagogije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-10-23 12:44:31