Oblici podrške mladima u riziku od prekida obrazovanja i onima koji su napustili obrazovanje

master's thesis

• Title (english): Forms of support for youth at risk of dropping out of education system and for those who have dropped out
• Author: Rafaela Balog
• Mentor: Gabrijela Ratkajec Gašević (mentor)
• Committee member: Gabrijela Ratkajec Gašević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Josipa Mihić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Andrea Ćosić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-06-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Education/Rehabilitation Sciences

Abstract

Ispadanje iz obrazovanja ozbiljan je i multikauzalan problem koji donosi niz negativnih posljedica kako za pojedinca, tako i za društvo. Nedovoljna istraženost ovog fenomena veliki je problem, posebice u Hrvatskoj gdje su istraživanja ovog tipa vrlo rijetka. Posljedično, prepoznatljivost važnosti ovog problema, kao i svijesti o važnosti pomoći i podrške mladima koji su ispali iz obrazovanja je nedovoljna. Stoga je cilj ovog rada predstaviti obilježja fenomena ispadanja iz obrazovanja i predstaviti dostupne oblike formalne pomoći za mlade koji su u riziku od preranog napuštanja ili onih koji su prerano napustili obrazovanje pregledom aktualne literature koja je objavljena od 2006. do 2021. godine. Fenomen ispadanja iz obrazovanja biti će predstavljen kroz sljedeće elemente: definicija pojma ispadanja mladih iz sustava obrazovanja, prikaz rizičnih čimbenika u mladoj osobi i okruženju koji doprinose ispadanju iz obrazovanja, prikaz odrednica napuštanja obrazovanja, prikaz posljedica ispadanja mladih iz obrazovanja te prikaz intervencija za mlade koji su u riziku ili su ispali iz sustava obrazovanja. U ovom radu, slijedeći PRISMA model analizirano je 6 istraživanja koja su odgovarala kriterijima uključivanja u analizu. Temeljem provedene analize može se zaključiti kako su definicije ispadanja iz sustava obrazovanja u analiziranim radovima vrlo slične i međusobno se nadopunjavaju. One podrazumijevaju mladu osobu koja je napustila srednjoškolsko obrazovanje prije dovršetka određene razine obrazovanja, odnosno stjecanja srednjoškolske svjedodžbe. Rizični čimbenici koji utječu na ispadanje su raznoliki, ali loš školski uspjeh, manjak motivacije i interesa za školu, disciplinski problemi i izostajanje s nastave, kao i druženje s devijantnim vršnjacima, posebice ako se dovedu u vezu sa elementima makrosustava poput niskog socioekonomskog statusa i lošeg kulturnog okruženja u najvećem broju slučajeva rezultiraju ispadanjem. Sva istraživanja konzistentno pokazuju kako su posljedice ispadanja brojne i cjeloživotne na ekonomskom, socijalnom i osobnom planu. Analizirani radovi naglašavaju važnost intervencija zbog svih negativnih posljedica koje ono sa sobom nosi. U tri rada autori predlažu preventivne intervencije koje moraju biti fleksibilne i prilagođene individualnim potrebama svake osobe. U ostalim radovima naglašava se važnost intervencija koje se usmjeravaju na olakšavanje završavanja školovanja, predlaže se da bi intervencije trebalo usmjeriti na eksternalizirane probleme u ponašanju koji su posebno rizični za ispadanje iz obrazovanja, a u jednom radu opisuje se mentorski program.

Abstract (english)

School dropout is a serious and multicasual problem which brings a series of negative consequences both for the individual and society. Insufficient research of this phenomenon is a big problem, especially in Croatia where researches of this type are very rare. Consequently, the recognition of the importance of this problem, as well as the awareness of importance of helping and supporting young people who have dropped out of education is insufficient. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present the characteristics of phenomenon of dropout and to present available forms of formal assistance for young people at risk of early school leaving or early school leavers by reviewing current literature published from 2006 to 2021. The phenomenon of school dropout will be presented through the following elements: definition of the concept of dropping out of the education system, presentation of risk factors in young people and the environment that contribute to dropping out of education, presentation of determinants of dropping out of education, presentation of the consequences of young people dropping out of education and presentation of interventions for young people who are at risk or who have dropped out of education system. In this paper, following the PRISMA model, 6 studies that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that definitions of dropping out of the education system in the analyzed works are very similar and complementary. They include a young person who dropped out of secondary education before completing a certain level of education, that is obtaining a secondary school certificate. Risk factors that contribute to dropout are diverse but poor school performance, lack of motivation and interest in school, disciplinary problems and absenteeism, as well as socializing with deviant peers, especially if linked to macrosystem elements such as low socioeconomic status and poor cultural environment in most cases result with dropout. All research consistently show that the consequences of dropot are numerous and lifelong in economic, social and personal terms. Analyzed papers emphasize the importance of intervention because of all the negative consequences it brings. In three papers, the authors propose preventive interventions that must be flexible and adapted to the individual needs of each person. Other papers emphasize the importance of interventions aimed at facilitating school completion, suggest that interventions should focus on externalized behavioral problems that are particularly risky for dropping out of school, and one paper describes mentoring program.

• Keywords: obrazovanje; ispadanje iz obrazovanja; prijevremeno napuštanje obrazovanja; mladi
• Keywords (english): education; school dropout; early school leaving; young people
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:158:151417
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study of Social Pedagogy; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra socijalne pedagogije (magistar/magistra socijalne pedagogije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-08-31 08:34:29